04a. Nutrients Flashcards
BMI
body mass index
LDLs
low density lipoproteins
HDLs
high density lipoproteins
CVD
cardiovascular disease
Energy dense
foods high in energy and low in nutrients
Nutrient dense foods
foods high in nutrients
Adipose tissue
fats stored around the body
Describe positive energy balance
more energy taken in than used
Describe negative energy balance
more energy used than taken in
HTN
hypertension
saturated fats
energy dense fats
BGL
Blood glucose levels
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
Hyperglycaemia
high blood sugar levels
Hypoglycaemia
low blood sugar leveks
Overweight
BMI of 25 - 29.9
Obese
BMI 30+
What is gestational diabetes
diabetes when pregnant
Describe Impaired glucose regulation
Also known as insulin resistance, this occurs when the cells become resistant to the action of insulin, preventing glucose from being absorbed by the cells therefore they remain in the bloodstream leading to high BGL.
What is insulin?
hormone responsible for regulation of blood glucose
What is the role of the pancreas?
the organ responsible for insulin production
What does the term satiety mean?
feeling full
What is arrythmia?
irregular heart rate
What is tachycardia?
abnormally fast heart rate
What is bradycardia
abnormally slow heart rate
What are food examples of fibre?
Fruit
Wholegrains
What are food examples of Low GI foods?
Wholegrains
Lentils
What does Haemoglobin/RBC do?
Carry oxygen in blood
What foods are high in iron?
tofu, red meats, soybeans, dark green leafy vegetables
What is iron deficient anaemia?
Low red blood cell count (insufficient haemoglobin)
causing a lack of oxygen travelling to body’s organs.
What results from low red blood cell count (insufficient haemoglobin)
causing a lack of oxygen travelling to body’s organs.
Iron deficient anaemia
What foods are high in dairy?
cheese, milk, yoghurt, green leafy vegetables
What is osteoporosis?
decreased bone denisty –> more porous and weak bone structure = increase risk of fractures
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
strain on pancreas = inability to release insulin effectively to regulate blood glucose levels
What is CVD?
Cardiovascular disease = increased strain on heart
What is malnutrition?
Lack of nutrient intake
What is obesity?
Excess adipose tissue
What is Australian Dietary Guideline 1?
To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drink to meet your energy needs.
What Australian Dietary guideline states
To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drink to meet your energy needs.
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What is Australian Dietary guideline number 2?
Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from these five food groups every day. (vegetables, fruit, cereals, meats/fish/eggs, dairy). Drink plenty of water.
What Australian Dietary Guideline states;
Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from these five food groups every day. (vegetables, fruit, cereals, meats/fish/eggs, dairy). Drink plenty of water.
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What is Australian Dietary Guideline 3
Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugar. Limit alcohol intake.
What Australian Dietary Guideline states;
Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugar. Limit alcohol intake.
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What is Australian dietary guideline 4?
Encourage, support and promote breast feeding.
What Australian dietary guidelines states;
Encourage, support and promote breast feeding.
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What is Australian dietary guideline 5?
Care for your food; prepare and store it safely.
What Australian dietary guideline states;
Care for your food; prepare and store it safely.
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