1.9 - Chile Con Carnage

Question 1

Shield volcano
Plate boundary
Magma
Eruption
Lava
Slope

Answer 1

Constructive - divergence
Less silica and gas content in magma
Continuous eruptions (pressure release) - calmer
Runny basaltic lava
Gentle slope - shorter volcano

Question 2

Composite volcano
Plate boundary
Magma
Eruption
Lava
Slope

Answer 2

Destructive palate boundary - subduction
High silica and gas content in magma
Dormancy (pressures build up) - explosive eruption
Viscous andesitic lava
Steep slope - tall volcano

Question 3

Secondary hazards

Answer 3

Sewage pipes breaking - water borne disease
Gas pipes burst/fracture - fires
Landslides
Avalanches - if high altitude volcano (composite)

Question 4

Increases of stress for landslides

Answer 4

Deforestation - less roots to absorb water so more saturation
Infrastructure on top - more weight
High relief rainfall - high altitudes means more condensation - saturated soil
High steepness - viscous lava cools on the top - higher altitude
Excavation - removes strength at bottom

Question 5

Benioff zone

Answer 5

In subduction - area at bottom of slab moving downwards
Has large seismic activity - creates earthquakes above

Locked faults increase friction, and therefore, stress
Makes Andean earthquakes (huge) - can cause tsunamis