1.5 - If It Congo Wrong

Question 1

Mt Nyiragongo (DRC)

Answer 1

Shield volcano - major eruptions in 1977 and 2002
Virunga Mountains + Rift Valley - 2km side continuous lava lake
40% of Africa’s volcanic eruptions
2002 - 147 killed + 400000 evacuated

Question 2

Magma flows

Answer 2

Magma flows go through Goma - burn buildings

1977 - lake wall collapsed so lava swamped village while people asleep

Question 3

Ash

Answer 3

Into atmosphere then falls locally - roof collapse, damage machinery, breathing difficulties, crops
Disrupts flight paths - abrasion of fuselage + engine blades

Question 4

Lahars

Answer 4

Heavy rain + volcanic ash + humid air = condensation, clouds, rain
Water mixed with volcanic deposits - flows into valleys (Rift Valley)
Fast (funnelled) + large volume - 60kmh + 50m deep

Question 5

SO2

Answer 5

Make fine particles in stratosphere - acid rain
Corroded buildings (Goma) + vegetation

Question 6

Fluorine gas

Answer 6

Poisonous at high concentrations - contaminates farmland + water supply (Lake Kivu)

Question 7

Nuees Ardentes

Answer 7

Bubbles of molten magma that explode - eject hot gases + pyroclastic material
Move down volcano side / come out from side flow
Large particles roll down - destroy anything
Volcanic deposits (200m thick) - clams rivers