18 unified

Question 1

how would allele B inhibit the expression of allele A

Answer 1

• Allele B codes for a repressor protein/ transcription factor
• product of B binds to promoter region of A
  -product of B stops transcription/ translation
  -product of B inhibits enzyme coded for by A

Question 2

describe the production of A by substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 2

-2 ATP molecules per glucose from glycolysis/ breakdown of TP
- Net yield of 2 ATP
- 1 ATP produced per krebs cycle
- when 5c is converted to 4c

Question 3

effect of temp on plasma membrane

Answer 3

gaps in phospholipid bilayer then enzymes denature

Question 4

name processes that occur at G2

Answer 4

-cell size increases
-protein synthesis
-organelle replication
-energy stores increased
-DNA checked for errors
-DNA repair

Question 5

what occurs in prophase

Answer 5

chromosomes consist of 2 chromatids
chromosomes condense
nuclear envelope breaks down
centrioles move to opposite poles
spindle fibres form

Question 6

21what does H+ bind to (erythrocyte)

Answer 6

• H+ binds to Hb

Question 7

spefeatures of kingdom protocista

Answer 7

-eukaryotic
-most are unicellular/ few multicellular
-autotrophic or heterotrophic

Question 8

limitation of using repsirometer to measure respiration rate

Answer 8

-difficult to read meniscus
-oxygen may leak out of cell connectors

Question 9

state how different strains of bacteria will be dealt with by the immune system

Answer 9

-toxins produced by each strain will be slighly different
-each with a different 3D shape
-toxin acts as an antigen
-immune response determined by shape of antigen
-antigen presenting cells digest and display antigens
-interaction of APC and T-helper releases interleukins
-B- cell activated by t helper
-…