2017 biological diversity Flashcards
what does the capture recapture technique only work well with
only works well with large populations
the Madi national park is used for production of baba nuts, people live here, why is this an example of conservation, quality of this park is trying to be maintained
-there is sustainable use
-there is production of nuts/ logging/ farming
-active measures are being taken to maintain biodiversity in the park
-people live here
if you reject the null hypothesis, what do u say
-value is larger than the critical value
-there is a significant difference
-less than 5% chance that difference is due to chance
explain why autosomal linkage gives it an odd phenotypic ratio
-both alleles on autosome
-no independent assortment
-so alleles inherited together
Y produces an important enzyme but y doesn’t, explain why the y allele is recessive
enzyme will still eb synthesised even if you only have one allele
when testing the effect of something on multiple clones, why is it important to use clones in the investigation
-clones have no genetic variation-> same alleles/ genes
-control more variables
-increases validity
why is using area under a curve over a few days better than measuring a set value of infection on a specific day
-shows total/ cumulative infection over time
-shows the level of infection
what are the principles of classification
-species that diverged recently/ share simmilar base sequences occupy the same group
-original classification is based on comparative anatomy
-recognition that biochemistry is more accurate than comparative anatomy
-scientific knowledge develops over time
-change justified by new molecular evidence
explain how the structure of galactose (its a monomer) allows it to be used as a respiratory substrate
-bonds contain energy
-bonds can be broken by enzymes
-soluble so can move within the cell
-OH can form H bonds with water/ allow solubility
why is lactose unable to cross membranes
-too big, unable to pass between phospholipids or smaller conc grad
-needs carrier protein/ pump
for lactose to enter the cytoplasm of E. coli, a protein is required. Young animals are more likely to have this protein, why?
mammal diet high in milk so high lactose conc
structural gene for protein channel/ lactose permease gene/ lac y is switched on/ transcribed (protein is lactose permease)
describe how a method that uses benedict’s reagent and a colorimeter could be calibrated to measure the conc of lactose in an unknown sample
-zero the colorimeter
-using blank
-use a red filter
-use known concs of lactose
-serial dillutions
-construct calibration curve
-test unknown samples using same method
-read from the graph to determine known conc.
explain the events that take place when DNA is inserted into a plasmid
-the gene/ DNA fragment is inserted into the plasmid
-complimentary bases anneal
-formation of hydrogen bonds
-formation of phosphodiester bonds
-using DNA ligase
explain how scientists can detect if a plasmid has been successfully converted into a bacteria
-use of marker gene
-(genes for) fluorescence/ colour change
-examine fluorescence under UV light
-antibiotic resistance
-grown on agar containing bacteria
state one concern people have on the genetic modification of bacteria
-increase in antibiotic resistance
