1.8 Optical Illusions

Question 1

Herman von Helmboltz

Answer 1

studies eye, learns that it doesn’t work that wall, brain does a lot of the work

Question 2

Optical illusions

Answer 2

occurs when visual perceptions are different form reality

Question 3

Physiological Illusions

Answer 3

effects are from excessive stimulation

Question 4

afterimages

Answer 4

physiological illusion. caused by staring at the same thing for too long, exhausting cones, rebound effect causes certain colors to stand out when you look somewhere else.

Question 5

lateral inhibition

Answer 5

physiological illusion. excited neurons make periphery ones go dark.

Question 6

Cognitive illusion

Answer 6

eye and brain make unconscious inferences

Question 7

ambiguous illusion

Answer 7

cognitive illusion. picture can be seen in two or more ways

Question 8

distortions

Answer 8

cognitive illusion. perceived distortions in size, length, or curvature

Question 9

paradox

Answer 9

cognitive illusion. perceived impossible shape

Question 10

Binocular cues

Answer 10

use of two eyes to help prevent illusions

Question 11

Retinal disparity

Answer 11

binocular cue. each retina sees a slightly different image of the world.

Question 12

convergence

Answer 12

binocular cue. How much eyes need to focus inward.

Question 13

Monocular cue

Answer 13

function of single eye that helps prevent illusions

Question 14

texture gradient

Answer 14

monocular cue. more detail is seen in the foreground than the background.

Question 15

relative size

Answer 15

monocular cue. larger objects are assumed to be closer.

Question 16

Interposition

Answer 16

monocular cue. objects in the foreground block the view of objects in the background, and move faster.

Question 17

linear perspective

Answer 17

monocular cue. parallel lines appear to converge in the distance.

Question 18

Perceptual organization

Answer 18

how the brain puts together pieces

Question 19

proximity

Answer 19

objects that ate close are perceived as belonging together

Question 20

similarity

Answer 20

things with properties are grouped together

Question 21

continuity

Answer 21

things moving in a certain direction are perceived as continuing in that direction

Question 22

closure

Answer 22

incomplete objects are perceived as complete

Question 23

multitasking

Answer 23

people get worse at doing things together.

Question 24

stroop effect

Answer 24

3 trials of reading colors that demonstrates how people get worse at doing things when multitasking

Question 25

Interpretation

Answer 25

2 people can interpret the same thing differently depending on the context