1.4 Brain Flashcards
Brain Development
Proliferate, Differentiate, Migrate
Proliferate
we grow more brain cells
differentiate
cells become specialized. continues into adulthood
migrate
cells move into position when role is needed.
Medulla
controls breathing
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome. Baby dies from suffocation
Cerebellum
voluntary movements that are learned
Basal Ganglia
natural voluntary movement (walking)
Limbic system
hippocampus: learning and memory. Amygdala: emotion
Hypothalamus
Autonomic nervous system, hormones, survival behaviors
survival behaviors
fight or flight, hunger, thirst, sex
thalamus
sense perception, except small
corpus callosum
connects two sides of brain
Cerebral Cortex
Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Occipital Lobe
Frontal Lobe
plan, organize, pay attention, intelligence, personality. Not fully developed until 23. Contains motor cortex
Motor Cortex
Voluntary control, but more precise and spatial
Parietal Lobe
pressure, pain, touch, temperature, visual-spatial
Left Neglect
Don’t notice things on left side if right side of brain is damaged.
Temporal Lobe
speech. On left side of brain.
Occipital Lobe
Vision
Split Brain patients
Someone with the corpus callosum severed. Speech, vision, and sides of body not always coordinated as well as usual.
Hemisphere differences
left: calculation, words, sign-language.
right: perception, reflexes
Spinal Cord
can control some basic reflexes
Endocrine system
secrete chemicals into body and blood system. Communicates with hormones.
Thyroid
Metabolism. Thin and warm people have an overactive one, fat and cold people have an underactive one.
Hypothalamus
regulates pituitary
Pituitary
regulates all other glands. Produces Human Growth Hormone, Oxytocin
Oxytocin
released during sex, birth, breastfeeding. Love, trust, less stress.
Adrenals
mood, energy, stress control. Epinephrine and cortisol
epinephrine
pain reduction and pleasure when working out.
cortisol
fight or flight
