16. Somatosensory 1 and 2

Question 1

_ show regions innervated by a spinal nerve

Answer 1

Dermatomes

Question 2

List the 6 signals sent by somatic sensory system

Answer 2

Temperature
Pain
Touch
Vibration
Limb position
Pressure

Question 3

_ is the sense of self-movement and body position

Answer 3

proprioception

Question 4

The dorsal root ganglia is sensory receptors for the body while _ is sensory receptors for the face

Answer 4

trigeminal ganglia

Question 5

Sensation is a _ neuron pathway

Answer 5

3

Question 6

The DRG houses the cell body of what type of neuron_

Answer 6

pseudounipolar

Question 7

T/F Pain and temperature receptor endings are encapsulated

Answer 7

False (non-encapsulated)

Question 8

Mechanosensory afferent fibers have _ receptors

Answer 8

encapsulated

Question 9

_ is the process of converting the energy of a stimulus into an electrical signal

Answer 9

sensory transduction

Question 10

Afferent fibers without encapsulation are _

Answer 10

free nerve endings

Question 11

Transduction of stimuli in mechanosensory afferents is due to the opening of _

Answer 11

stretch gated ion channels which open because of the membrane stretching

Question 12

The _ theory states that each nerve is devoted to a modality and has a distinct path leading to a specific area of the brain

Answer 12

labeled line theory

Question 13

List 8 modalities

Answer 13

light touch
vision
taste
audition
cold
cool
vibration
itch

Question 14

T/F Laughter is a modality

Answer 14

False (it is a response to a stimuli)

Question 15

Receptors for touch are _, _, _, and _

Answer 15

merkel
meissner
Pacinian
Ruffini cells

Question 16

Each axon is responsible for sensing information from a specific area of the body called their _

Answer 16

receptive field

Question 17

There are _ pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 17

31

Question 18

_ is the minimum distance required to determine 2 points of stimulus as distinct

Answer 18

2 point discrimination

Question 19

The smaller the distance between 2 points means there is _

Answer 19

more innervation

Question 20

_ refers to the differences in afferents responding to a stimulus over time

Answer 20

temporal dynamics

Question 21

Slowly adapting afferents provide static info about the _ and _ of the object

Answer 21

size and shape

Question 22

T/F Slowly adapting afferents shows activation at the beginning, throughout, and at the end

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Rapidly adapting afferents provide information about _

Answer 23

movement (dynamic or phasic_

Question 24

The 2 rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors are _

Answer 24

Pacinian corpuscle

Meissner corpuscle

Question 25

The 2 slowly adapting mechanoreceptors are _

Answer 25

merkel
ruffini corpuscle (skin stretch)

Question 26

_ and _ have small receptor fields

Answer 26

meissner

merkel

Question 27

_ and _ have large receptor fields making them less innervated

Answer 27

pacinian

ruffini

Question 28

The rate of adaptation for free nerve endings is _ and their threshold of activation _

Answer 28

slow (static)

high

Question 29

_ is the ability to see an object and determine its depth

Answer 29

stereopsis

Question 30

_ is the ability to identify an object by holding it

Answer 30

stereognosis

Question 31

_ is the inability to recognize faces of familiar people

Answer 31

prosopagnosia

Question 32

A fibers are faster than _ fibers because of their _ diameters

Answer 32

B and C

larger

Question 33

Mechanoreceptors are _ fibers with type _

Answer 33

A beta

II

Question 34

Fiber types are dependent on if they are _

Answer 34

sensory

Question 35

Sharp pain and temperature are considered _ fibers and type _

Answer 35

A delta

III

Question 36

Dull pain and temperature are _ fibers and type _

Answer 36

C

4

Question 37

Primary muscle spindles are _ fibers and type _

Answer 37

A alpha

Ia

Question 38

2 point discrimination can be used clinically to _

Answer 38

asses extent of nerve damage or peripheral nerve recovery after damage

Question 39

Lateral inhibition is when a needle pricks one receptor but affects the 2 around it, which causes it to then send _ to the other neurons, helping us determine where the signal is coming from

Answer 39

inhibition

Question 40

What 3 things contribute to how our brains interpret stimuli?

Answer 40

Labeled line theory
stimulus intensity
recruitment

Question 41

Static temperature is _ adapting while dynamic temperature is _ adapting

Answer 41

slow

fast