16. Somatosensory 1 and 2 Flashcards
_ show regions innervated by a spinal nerve
Dermatomes
List the 6 signals sent by somatic sensory system
Temperature Pain Touch Vibration Limb position Pressure
_ is the sense of self-movement and body position
proprioception
The dorsal root ganglia is sensory receptors for the body while _ is sensory receptors for the face
trigeminal ganglia
Sensation is a _ neuron pathway
3
The DRG houses the cell body of what type of neuron_
pseudounipolar
T/F Pain and temperature receptor endings are encapsulated
False (non-encapsulated)
Mechanosensory afferent fibers have _ receptors
encapsulated
_ is the process of converting the energy of a stimulus into an electrical signal
sensory transduction
Afferent fibers without encapsulation are _
free nerve endings
Transduction of stimuli in mechanosensory afferents is due to the opening of _
stretch gated ion channels which open because of the membrane stretching
The _ theory states that each nerve is devoted to a modality and has a distinct path leading to a specific area of the brain
labeled line theory
List 8 modalities
light touch vision taste audition cold cool vibration itch
T/F Laughter is a modality
False (it is a response to a stimuli)
Receptors for touch are _, _, _, and _
merkel
meissner
Pacinian
Ruffini cells
Each axon is responsible for sensing information from a specific area of the body called their _
receptive field
There are _ pairs of spinal nerves
31
_ is the minimum distance required to determine 2 points of stimulus as distinct
2 point discrimination
The smaller the distance between 2 points means there is _
more innervation
_ refers to the differences in afferents responding to a stimulus over time
temporal dynamics
Slowly adapting afferents provide static info about the _ and _ of the object
size and shape
T/F Slowly adapting afferents shows activation at the beginning, throughout, and at the end
True
Rapidly adapting afferents provide information about _
movement (dynamic or phasic_
The 2 rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors are _
Pacinian corpuscle
Meissner corpuscle
The 2 slowly adapting mechanoreceptors are _
merkel ruffini corpuscle (skin stretch)
_ and _ have small receptor fields
meissner
merkel
_ and _ have large receptor fields making them less innervated
pacinian
ruffini
The rate of adaptation for free nerve endings is _ and their threshold of activation _
slow (static)
high
_ is the ability to see an object and determine its depth
stereopsis
_ is the ability to identify an object by holding it
stereognosis
_ is the inability to recognize faces of familiar people
prosopagnosia
A fibers are faster than _ fibers because of their _ diameters
B and C
larger
Mechanoreceptors are _ fibers with type _
A beta
II
Fiber types are dependent on if they are _
sensory
Sharp pain and temperature are considered _ fibers and type _
A delta
III
Dull pain and temperature are _ fibers and type _
C
4
Primary muscle spindles are _ fibers and type _
A alpha
Ia
2 point discrimination can be used clinically to _
asses extent of nerve damage or peripheral nerve recovery after damage
Lateral inhibition is when a needle pricks one receptor but affects the 2 around it, which causes it to then send _ to the other neurons, helping us determine where the signal is coming from
inhibition
What 3 things contribute to how our brains interpret stimuli?
Labeled line theory
stimulus intensity
recruitment
Static temperature is _ adapting while dynamic temperature is _ adapting
slow
fast
