14. Synapse Flashcards
Name the 3 types of synapses
Axosomatic
axondendritic
axoaxonic
During depolarization at the axon terminal, _ channels open and _ enters the cell causing exocytosis of synaptic vesicle contents
voltage gated Ca channels
Ca
Ligand gated ion channels are _ while GPCR are _
ionotropic
metabotropic
ACh is made from _ and _ that is catalyzed by the enzyme _
acetyl CoA and choline
choline acetyltransferase or acetylase
What enzyme breaks down ACh in the synaptic cleft into choline and acetate?
acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
T/F If you block ACE, less ACh remains in the post-synaptic cleft
False (more ACh remains due to it not being broken down)
At the post-synaptic membrane, ACh binds to receptor which open _ channels (ligand-gated) allowing _ to rush in
monovalent cation channels
Na and K
The EPP is a type of _ potential when ligand gated channels open
graded
As Na rushes in through ligand gated channels, it can cause the cell to reach threshold and result in opening of _
voltage gated Na channels
_ is a type of drug that can block ACh ligand gated channels, thus causing paralyses of muscle fibers
Curare
_ (physostigmine) can block ACE and thus increase the use of ACh
eserine
Curare _ the EPP
lowers
Curare + eserine will result in an increase in EPP due to _
recruitment of other ACh receptors because of the increase in ACh
Small molecule transmitters are produced in the cell body and have their final production at the _
axon terminal
ACh, glutamate, aspartate, GABA, histamine, serotonin, (nor)epinephrine, and dopamine are types of _
small molecule neurotransmitters
_ transmitters are large NS
Peptide
Large peptide NS can not be _
reuptaked
Name 3 common ways to control NS
Diffusion
Reuptake
Enzymatic degradation
A _ can occur when a presynaptic neuron excites a postsyn neuron
EPSP
T/F IPSP can be hyper, de, or unpolarizing
True
What is the location where VG channels begin to show up on a neuron?
axon hillock or initial segment
The EPP for a postsyn cell is _
-60 mV
GABA binding results in _ while glutamate binding results in _
IPSP
EPSP
If equilibrium potential is above threshold it is _ while below it is _
excitatory
inhibitory
Spacial summation deals with _ temporal summation deals with _
length constant
time constant
T/F The closer to the initial segment, the higher the effect
True
Potentiation results from the tetanic stimulation of APs in presyn neurons due to them being closer to together which means there is less time for _ to be pumped out
Ca
Presynaptic inhibition/facilitation deals with _ interactions
axoaxonic
