11. Gastrulation and Neurulation

Question 1

Gastrulation is the formation of the 3 germ layers _

Answer 1

ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm

Question 2

Neurulation is the formation of the _ and _

Answer 2

notochord and primitive nervous system

Question 3

The germ disc has a _ and _ end

Answer 3

cranial and caudal

Question 4

The 2 structures near the caudal end of the germ disc are _

Answer 4

primitive node

primitive streak

Question 5

At 13 days, formation of the _ begins and germ layers begin to form

Answer 5

chorionic cavity

Question 6

T/F During the chorionic cavity formation, the epiblast and hypoblast form

Answer 6

True

Question 7

The ectoderm forms from the _ and the endoderm from the _

Answer 7

epiblast

hypoblast

Question 8

The prochordal plate is known as the _

Answer 8

signaling center of embryonic disc

Question 9

At 18 days, the _ and notochordal process are present between the oropharyngeal membrane and primitive streak

Answer 9

neural plate

Question 10

The _ forms on the surface of the epiblast

Answer 10

primitive streak

Question 11

During gastrulation, _ cells move either to an area between the epi and hypoblast or move directly to hypoblast

Answer 11

epiblast

Question 12

The period of _ is from _ to 8 weeks

Answer 12

organogenesis

3

Question 13

List 2 derivatives of the ectodermal germ layer

Answer 13

neural plate development

skin

Question 14

List 2 derivatives of the mesodermal germ layer

Answer 14

connective tissues

muscles

Question 15

List 2 derivatives of the endodermal germ layer

Answer 15

forgut

hindgut linings

Question 16

Notochord formation results from _ cells invaginating in the primitive pit moving in the cephalic direction to the prechordal plate

Answer 16

prenotochordal cells

Question 17

The notochord stops at the _ membrane

Answer 17

cloacal

Question 18

The neural tube forms from the _ elevating into _ that fuse

Answer 18

neural plate

neural folds

Question 19

The cephalic neural tube expands into the _

Answer 19

brain vesicles

Question 20

The cells overlying the notochord thicken and form the _

Answer 20

neural plate and neural crest

Question 21

Ectoderm derivatives include the sensory components of the _, _, and _

Answer 21

ear
nose
eye

Question 22

T/F epidermis, hair and nails form from the ectoderm

Answer 22

true

Question 23

Enamel forms from the _

Answer 23

ectoderm

Question 24

_ forms somites
_ forms urinary system
_ forms the somatic and splanchnic mesoderm

Answer 24

Paraxial
intermediate
lateral plate

Question 25

Mesodermal derivatives include _

Answer 25

parts of the skull

Question 26

After the neural tube closes, the somite divides into 3 things:

Answer 26

Sclerotome
myotome
dermatome

Question 27

Sclerotome surround the neural tube and notochord to form the _

Answer 27

vertebral column

Question 28

_ cells provide the segmental musculature of the axial skeleton

Answer 28

myotome

Question 29

The _ forms the dermis layer of the skin

Answer 29

dermatome

Question 30

The endoderm derivatives form the epithelial portion of 5 things:

Answer 30

pharynx
thyroid
tonsils
lining of GI tract
lining of respiratory tract