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Pilates > 16: POSTERIOR MUSCLES > Flashcards

16: POSTERIOR MUSCLES Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the levator scapulae muscle

A

back of the neck

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2
Q

what does the levator scapulae muscle cross

A

shoulder girdle, moves the scapular relative to the ribcage

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3
Q

what does the levator scapulae do

A

elevates the scapula
assists in downwards rotation of the scapula
laterally flexes the neck

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4
Q

where are the deltoids

A

shoulder

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5
Q

where do the deltoids cross

A

the shoulder

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6
Q

what do the deltoids do

A

anterior fibres lift the arm forward and draws the arm across the body (flexion)
lateral fibres lift the arm to the side (abduction)
posterior fibres pul the arm backwards and behin the body (extension)

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7
Q

where is the infraspinatus muscle

A

on the scapula, inferior to the spine of scapula

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8
Q

where does the infraspinatus cross

A

the shoulder

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9
Q

what does the infraspinatus do

A

turns the arm outwards (lateral rotation)
stabilises the shoulder join

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10
Q

where is the supraspinatus muscle

A

on the shoulder blade, superior to the spine of scapula

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11
Q

where does the supraspinatus cross

A

the shoulder

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12
Q

what does the surpraspinatus do

A

assists the deltoind in lifting the arm to the side (abduction)
stabilises the shoulder joint (helps prevent downward dislocation)

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13
Q

where is the teres minor muscle

A

from the inferior, anterior aspect of the shoulder blade to the posterior aspect of the head of the humerus

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14
Q

where does the teres minor cross

A

the shoulder

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15
Q

what does the teres minor do

A

turns the arm outwards (lateral rotation)
stabilises the shoulder joint

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16
Q

what are the main muscles in the neck and sholder

A

levator scapulae
deltoids
infraspinatus
supraspinatus
teres minor

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17
Q

where are the triceps brachii

A

back of upper arm

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18
Q

where do the triceps brachii cross

A

the elbow and shoulder joints

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19
Q

what does the triceps brachii do

A

straightens the elbow (extention)
assists in drawing the arm down (extension and adduction)

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20
Q

what are the 3 muscles in the errector spinae group

A
  1. illiocostalis group
  2. longissimus group
  3. spinalis
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21
Q

where is the illiocastalis group

A

found running vertically either side of the vertebral column

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22
Q

what does the illiocastalis group cross

A

multiple vertebrae

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23
Q

what does the illiocastalis group do

A

extension of the spine (bending back)
lateral flexion - bend to the side
rotation of the spine

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24
Q

where is the longissimus group

A

runs vertically either side of the vertebral column

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25
Q

where does the longissimus group cross

A

multiple vertebrae

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26
Q

what does the longissimus group do

A

neck extension (look up)
lateral neck flexion (tilt head side to side)
back extension (bend back)
lateral back flexion (bend sideways)

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27
Q

where is the spinalis muscle

A

closest to the vertebral column of all muscles

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28
Q

where does the spinalis cross

A

multiple vertebrae

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29
Q

what does the spinalis do

A

neck extension (look up)
back extension (bend back)

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30
Q

where is the multifidus muscles

A

either side of the vertebral column

31
Q

where does the multifidus muscle cross

A

all intervertebral joints

32
Q

what does the multifidus muscle do

A

acts bilaterally - straightens the side (extension)
acts unilaterally - assists in pulling the torso to the side (lateral flexion) and assists in turning the torso (rotation)

33
Q

where is the quadratus lumborum muscle

A

either side of vertebral column

34
Q

where does the quadratus lumborum cross

A

lumbar intervertebral joints

35
Q

what does the quadratus lumborum do

A

pulls torso to the side (lateral flexion)

36
Q

where is the latissimus dorsi muscles

A

back

37
Q

where does the latissimus dorsi muscle cross

A

shoulders

38
Q

what does the latissimus dorsi muscle do

A

draws up back and down (extension)
draws arm down to the side (adduction)
turns arm inwards (medial rotation)
assists in depression of scapula

39
Q

where is the trapezius muscle

A

between shoulder blades

40
Q

where does the trapezius muscle cross

A

shoulder girdle

41
Q

what does the trapezius muscle do

A

upper fibres raises the shoulder girdle (elevation)
middle fibres pulls shoulder girdle back (retraction)
lower fibres pull shoulder girdle down (depression)
whole muscle upwardly rotates scapular

42
Q

where are the rhomboids

A

between shoulder blades

43
Q

where do the rhomboids cross

A

shoulder girdle

44
Q

what do the rhomboids do

A

retracts scapula
downwardly rotates scapula

45
Q

what are the main muscles in the back

A

erector spinae group
multifidus
quadratus lumborum
latissimus dorsi
trapezius
rhomboids

46
Q

where is the gluteus maximus

A

behind the hip (buttocks)

47
Q

where does the gluteus maximus cross

A

hip joint

48
Q

what does the glute max do

A

pulls thigh backwards (hip extension)
turns thigh outwards (hip lateral flexion)

49
Q

where is the gluteus medius

A

outside of hip

50
Q

where does the glute medius cross

A

hip joint

51
Q

what does the glute medius do

A

raises thigh to side (abduction)
anterior fibres assis in hip flexion and medial rotation
posterior fibres assist in turning the thigh outwards (lateral rotation)

52
Q

where is the gluteus minimus

A

outside of hip, deep to gluteus medius

53
Q

where does the glute minimus cross

A

hip joint

54
Q

what does the glute minimus do

A

raises thigh to the side (abduction)
assits in turning thigh inwards (medial rotation)
posterior fibres assist in turning the thigh outwards (lateral rotation)

55
Q

where is the piriformis muscle

A

outside of hip, deep to medius and minimus

56
Q

where does the piriformis cross

A

hip joint

57
Q

what does the piriformis do

A

raises thigh to side (abduction)
assists in turning the thigh outwards (lateral rotation)

58
Q

what are the main gluteal muscles

A

gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
piriformis

59
Q

where is the bicep femoris

A

back of thigh

60
Q

where does the bicep femoris cross

A

knee and hip

61
Q

what does the bicep fermoris do

A

bends knee (flexion)
helps pull thigh backwards (extension)
lateral rotation of the knee

62
Q

where is the semimembranosus

A

back of the thigh

63
Q

what does the semimembranosus cross

A

knee and hip

64
Q

what does the semimembranosus do

A

helps bend the knee (flexion)
helps pull thigh backwards (extension)

65
Q

where is the semitendinosus muscle

A

back of thigh

66
Q

where does the semitendinosus cross

A

hip and knee

67
Q

what does the semitendinosus do

A

bends knee (flexion)
helps pull thigh backwards (extension)

68
Q

what are the main hamstring muscles

A

Bicep femoris
semimembranosus
semtendinosus

69
Q

where is the gastrocnemius mucle

A

calf

70
Q

where does the gastrocnemius cross

A

ankle and knee

71
Q

what does the gastrocnemius do

A

raises the heel (ankle plantar flexion)
assists in bending the knee (knee flexion)

72
Q

where is the soleus muscle

A

calf

73
Q

where does the soleus cross

A

ankle

74
Q

what does the soleus do

A

raises the heel when feet on floor (plantar flexion)

Pilates (17 decks)

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