15: ANTERIOR MUSCLES Flashcards
Where is the serratus anterior (upper body)
sides of ribs
what does the serratus anterior cross
crosses the shoulder girdle, moves the scapula relative to the rib cage
what does the serratus anterior do
pulls shoulder girdle forward and upwardly rotates the scapula
where is the pectoralis major (upper body)
chest
what does the pec major cross
crosses shoulder joint
what does the pec major do
draws arms across the body (flexion/abduction)
turns arm inwards (medial rotation)
draws arm down to the side (abduction)
Lifts arm forwards (flexion)
where is the pec minor (upper body)
front of chest (beneath major)
what does the pec minor cross
shoulder girdle
what does the pec minor do
pulls shoulder girdle forward (protraction)
downwardly rotates scapula (works with rhomboids)
where is the subscapularis (upper body)
one of the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff, attaches to the scapula and extends up to the humerus
where does the subscapularis cross
crosses the shoulder joint
what does the subscapularis do
medially rotates the humerus at shoulder
stabilises the joint
4 main muscles of the upper body
Pec Major
Pec minor
subscapularis
serratus anterior
Where is the biceps brachii (arm)
front of the upper arm
where does the biceps brachii cross
crosses elbow and shoulder
what does the biceps brachii do
bends the elbow (flexion)
turns forearm hand up (supination)
assists raising the arm to the shoulder (shoulder flexion)
Where is the Brachialis (arm)
front of upper arm
where does the brachialis cross
elbow joint
What does the brachialis do
bends the elbow
Where is the brachioradialis (arm)
forearm
what does the brachioradialis cross
elbow
what does the brachioradialis do
bends the elbow
Main muscles in the arm
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
brachioradialis
Where is the rectus abdominis (abdominals)
front of torso
What does the rectus abdominis cross
crosses the intervertebral joints of the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae
what does the rectus abdominis do
bends the torso forward (flexion)
tilts the pelvis backwards (posterior tilt)
Where is the transverse abdominis (abdominals)
sides of the torso
where does the transverse abdominis cross
intervertebral joints of lumbar and thoracic
what does the transverse abdominis do
compresses the abdominal contents
Where are the internal and external obliques (abdominals)
sides of the torso
where do the internal and external oblique cross
intervertebral joints of lumbar and thoracic
what does the internal and external obliques do
pulls the torso to the side (acts unilaterally)
turns the torso
bends torso forward
main muscles of the abdominals
- rectus abdominis
- transverse abdominis
- internal and external obliques
where are the iliacus muscles (hips)
inside surface of the pelvis
where does the iliacus cross
crosses the hip
what does the iliacus muscle do
lifts the thigh (hip flexion)
where is the psoas major muscle (hip)
lumbar spine and across the inside of the pelvis
where does the psoas major muscle cross
crosses the hip and lumbar intervertebral joints
what does the psoas major muscle do
lifts the thigh (flexion)
pulls the trunk towards the leg (sit up)
assists in lateral flexion of the trunk
helps stabilise the lumbar spine
Where is the sartorius muscle (hip)
front of the thigh (inward) - longest muscle in the body
where does the sartorius muscle cross
across hip and knee
what does the satorius muscle do
pulls thigh upwards
pulls thigh to the side (hip lateral rotation)
pull thigh outwards (hip abduction)
assists in bending the knee (knee flexion)
assists in turning the leg inwards (knee medial rotation)
where is the tensor fascia latae (hip)
front outside of hip
what does the tensor fascia latae cross
crosses hip and knee
what does the tensor fascia latae do
lifts the thigh (flexion)
turns thigh inwards (hip medial rotation)
raises thigh to the side (hip abduction)
main muscles of the hip
- Iliasus
- Psoas major
- Sartorius
- Tensor fascia latae
Where is the rectus femoris (quadriceps)
front of thighs
where does the rectus femoris cross
knee and hip
what does the rectur femoris do
straightens the knee (knee extension)
lights the thigh (hip flexion)
where is the vastus lateralis (quadriceps)
front outside of thigh
where does the vastus lateralis cross
the knee
what does the vastus lateralis do
straightens the knee (knee extension)
where is the vastus intermedius (quadriceps)
front of the thigh
what does the vastus intermedius cross
knee
what does the vastus intermedius do
straightens the knee
where is the vastus medials (quadriceps)
front inside of thigh
what does the vastus medials cross
crosses the knee
what does the vastus medials do
straightens the knee
what are the 4 muscles that make up the quadriceps group
- rectus femoris
- vastus lateralis
- vastus intermediua
- vastus medials
Where is the abductor magnus, brevis and longus (abductor group)
inside of thigh
where does the abductor magnus, brevis and longus cross
the hip
what does the abductor magnus, brevis and longus do
pulls thigh into the body from the side
where is the pectinius muscle (abductor group)
inside of thigh
what does the pectineus cross
the hip
what does the pectineus do
pulls thigh into the body from the side (adduction)
assists in turning the thigh inwards (hip medial rotation)
assists in raising the thigh (hip flexion)
where is the gracilis muscle (abductor group)
inside of thigh
what does the gracilis cross
hip and knee
what does the gracilis do
pulls thigh into the body from the side (adduction)
assists hamstring in bending the knee (knee flexion)
what muscles make up the abductor group (anterior)
Gracilis
Pectineus
abductor magnus, bravis and longus
where is the tibialis anterior muscle (lower leg)
front of shin
where does the tibialis anterior muscle cross
the ankle
what does the tibilis anterior muscle do
raises the foot (ankle dorsi flexion)
turns sole of the foot inwards
