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D&T > 1.6 Plastic > Flashcards

1.6 Plastic Flashcards

1
Q

What can plastic be made of?

A
  • Natural plastics
  • Synthetic plastics
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1
Q

What are Natural plastics?

A

Natural plastics include Amber, white is fossilised tree resin, and Latex, which is a form of rubber.

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2
Q

What are Synthetic plastics?

A

Synthetic plastics are chemically manufactured from carbon-based materials such as crude oil, coal and gas

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3
Q

How are plastics produced?

A

Polymerisation

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4
Q

What’s polymerisation?

A

Polymerisation occurs when monomers join together to form long chains of molecules called polymers.

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5
Q

What two groups are plastics classified into?

A
  • Thermoplastics
  • Thermosetting plastics
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6
Q

What are thermoplastics?

A
  • Plastic that can be heated and reshaped many times.
  • They will soften when heated and can be shaped when hot.
  • The plastic will harden when cooled, but can be reshaped because there are no links between the polymer chains.
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7
Q

What are thermosetting plastics?

A
  • Plastics that can be heated and shaped once
  • If reheated they cannot soften as polymer chains are interlinked
  • Separate polymers are joined in order to form a huge polymer
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8
Q

What is ABS (acrylonitrile butadienestyrene)?

A
  • A strong, tough thermoplastic that scratches easily
  • Available in a wide range of colours
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9
Q

What can ABS (acrylontrile butadienestyrene) be used in?

A

Used to make mechanical parts including links, cams and wheels

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10
Q

What is Nylon (Polyamide)?

A
  • A hard, tough, rigid thermoplastic
  • Chemical, wear and friction resistant
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11
Q

What can Nylon (Polyamide) be used in?

A

Used to make mechanical parts including gear wheels and bearings.

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12
Q

What is Acrylic (Polymethyl methacrylate)?

A
  • A glass-clear or opaque thermoplastic
  • Available in a wide range of colours
  • Food safe, impact resistant and a good electrical insulator
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13
Q

What can Acrylic (Polymethyl methacrylate) be used in?

A

Used to make illuminated signs, watch and clock glasses, and furniture.

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14
Q

What is PVC (Polyvinyl chloride)?

A
  • A soft and flexible thermoplastic
  • Available in a wide range of colours
  • A good electrical insulator
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15
Q

What can PVC (polyvinyl chloride) be used in?

A

Used to make table top coverings, electrical wiring insulation, vinyl wall and floor coverings.

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16
Q

What is Polystyrene (high impact polystyrene)?

A
  • A hard and inexpensive thermoplastic
  • Available in a wide range of colours
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17
Q

What can Polystyrene (high impact polystyrene) be used in?

A
  • Good for vacuum forming
  • Used to make model cars and airplanes
  • In the form of foam it’s used for packaging and insulation
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18
Q

What are the five types of thermoplastics?

A
  • ABS
  • Nylon
  • Acrylic
  • PVC
  • Polystyrene
19
Q

What’s the mneumonic for the types of thermoplastics?

A

Pretentious Annoying Newborns Always Poop.

20
Q

What are the four types of thermosetting plastics?

A
  • Epoxy Resin
  • Melamine Formaldehyde
  • Polyester Resin
  • Urea Formaldehyde
21
Q

How do you remember the four types of thermosetting plastics?

A
  • Mr Resin and Mrs Formaldehyde were married
  • Mr Resin cheated and had two sons: Epoxy and Polyester
  • Mrs Formaldehyde remarried and had two daughters: Melamine and Urea
22
Q

What is epoxy resin?

A

A thermosetting plastic that cures when mixed with a catalyst/hardener.

23
Q

What can epoxy resin be used in?

A

Used to make coatings, adhesives and composite materials such as fibre glass.

24
Q

What is melamine formaldehyde?

A

A hard, flexible food safe thermosetting plastic with good heat resistance.

25
Q

What can melamine formaldehyde be used in?

A

Used to make kitchenware and ashtrays

26
Q

What is polyester resin?

A
  • A hard, brittle thermosetting plastic with good heat and ultraviolet light resistance
  • A good electrical insulator
27
Q

What can polyester resin be used in?

A

Used to make glass re-enforced plastic boats, car bodies, surf boards

28
Q

What is Urea Formaldehyde?

A
  • A hard thermosetting plastic with solvent resistance and good electrical properties
  • Available in a wide range of colours
29
Q

What can urea formaldehyde be used in?

A
  • Used to make castings for electrical appliances such as radios and desk lamps
  • Resins are used to make adhesives, finishes and MDF
30
Q

What is plastic recycling?

A

Plastic recycling is the process of recovering scrap or waste plastic and reprocessing the material into useful products, sometimes completely different from their original state.

31
Q

What’s an example of plastic recycling?

A

Melting down soft drink bottles then casting them as plastic chairs and tables.

32
Q

What’s the resin identification code for PET?

A

1

33
Q

What’s the resin identification code for HDPE?

A

2

34
Q

What’s the resin identification code for PVC?

A

3

35
Q

What’s the resin identification code for LDPE?

A

4

36
Q

What’s the resin identification code for PP?

A

5

37
Q

What’s the resin identification code for PS?

A

6

38
Q

What’s the resin identification code for OTHERS such as ABS?

A

7

39
Q

Why is reusing plastic preferable to recycling plastic?

A

It uses less energy and fewer resources.

40
Q

What are the two types of degradable plastic?

A
  • Biodegradable plastics
  • photodegradable plastics
41
Q

What are degradable plastics?

A

Degradable plastics are plastics that will be reduced by degrading under certain conditions.

42
Q

What are biodegradable plastics?

A

Biodegradable plastics contain a small percentage of non oil-based material such as corn starch.

43
Q

What are photodegradable plastics?

A

Photodegradable plastics break down when exposed to sunlight.

44
Q

How are non-degradable plastics degraded?

A
  • incinerated which releases chlorine
  • dumped in a landfill which pollutes the water supply

D&T (22 decks)

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