Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Clinical Chemistry 2 > 15. Drugs of Abuse > Flashcards

15. Drugs of Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

Identification of PCP abuse is by detection of?

A

Parent drug in urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Window of detection for cannabinoids

A

Single use: 3-5 days

Chronic: up to 4 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 ‘natural’ opiates

A

Morphine
Opium
Codeine
Heroin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Narcotic opioid pain reliever that was banned in the US since Nov 2010

A

Propoxyphene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 regulatory bodies governing DOA testing

A
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA, USA)
  • Department of US Health and Human Services (DHHS)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Normal urine pH

A

4.5 - 8.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Window of detection for benzodiazepines

A

< 6 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Major cannabinoid urine metabolite

A

THC-COOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

5 categories of abused drugs?

A
  • Combination
  • Antipsychotics
  • Depressants
  • Hallucinogens
  • Stimulants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does a blue-green urine oxidant test strip indicate?

A

Adultered w/ bleach or peroxidases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

5 components of atomic absorption spectrophotometer

A
  • Light source
  • Atomizer/nebulizer
  • Monochromator
  • Detector
  • Signal processor/readout device
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In GCMS, separation of analytes is based on ________________ into the stationary phase

A

differential partitioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are cut-off levels?

A

Lowest level of analytical range which can be reliable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Toxic levels of this class of abused drugs can cause cardiovascular and respiratory depression, coma

A

Barbiturates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Window of detection for PCP

A

7-30 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Difference between opiates and opioids?

A

Opiates - naturally occurring alkaloids of opium found in poppy plants

Opioids - synthetic derivatives of opiates that are NOT found in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

3 stages in flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry

A
  • Desolvation
  • Vaporization
  • Atomization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Drug analysis records are usually retained for how long?

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

5 drugs frequently tested in a DOA panel

A 
Amphetamine
Cannabinoids
Cocaine
Opiates
Phencyclidine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A more reactive compound has a _____ (higher/lower) concentration than the calibrator

21
Q

Metabolite of methadone

22
Q

Example of a barbiturate designer drug/club drug

A

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) - date rape drug

23
Q

Storage after anaylsis for positive samples?

A

1 year frozen at -20C

24
Q

How long does it take for drugs to appear in hair

25
Minimum volume of urine that must be provided by the donor
40 mL
26
The powder form of cocaine is a ____________ salt
hydrochloride
27
Synthetic opiate made from morphine
Heroin
28
Illicit drug w/ stimulant, depressant, anesthetic, and hallucinogenic properties
Phencyclidine (PCP)
29
Threshold of ethanol in breath
35 ug/100mL
30
Another non-street name for Rohypnol
Flunitrazepam
31
Window of detection for barbiturates
< 12-24 hrs
32
3 reasons why initial drug screens are performed before confirmatory tests
- Test more drugs - Less specific reagents needed - ID of specific drug requires chromatographic techniques
33
Endogenous chemical (street drug) that is similar to GABA
GHB
34
Storage after anaylsis for negative samples?
2 weeks at 4-8C, then discard
35
Example of a benzodiazepine designer drug/club drug
Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) = roofie
36
Treatment for morphine overdose?
Naloxone (Narcan)
37
What is used in place of a flame in graphite furnace AAS?
Electric furnace - breaks chemical bonds
38
Urine SG range
1.005 - 1.030 Sample must be >1.003
39
How to store sample if analysis will be delayed by >72 hrs?
Freeze
40
Cocaine metabolite measured in urine; window of detection
Benzoylecgonine (BE) 2-4 days after use
41
Cocaine is used in clinical medicine b/c of these 2 properties
- Local anesthesia | - Vasoconstriction
42
Used for both analgesia and in the treatment of opioid addiction
Methadone
43
Metabolite of heroin and what it is hydrolyzed to
6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) Hydrolyzed to morphine
44
Method for confirmatory testing?
GCMS | LC-MS/MS
45
Urine creatinine RI for males
5 - 13 mmol/L | Sample must be >1.8
46
Urine creatinine RI for females
3 - 11 mmol/L | Sample must be >1.8
47
Normal urine temperature
33 - 38 degC (read within 4 mins)
48
Lack of a creatinine value in a urine specimen suggests what?
Substitution with apple juice or tea
49
Possible cause for increased creatinine in urine
High meat diet

Clinical Chemistry 2 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions