1.4.4 Motivation in theory Flashcards
Define motivation
the ways a business can encourage staff to give their best
Give the benefit of motivated staff
they have greater productivity meaning less time is wasted and profitability increases
Give 3 features employees may show if they are demotivated
-lack commitment/loyalty
-high absenteeism (not showing up for work)
-low productivity
What may demotivation lead to
-Industrial disputes if its on a wider scale
-employees may leave leading to high labour turnover
Does high wages mean employees are motivated?
NO paying high wages doesnt mean staff are motivated, they may be demotivated due to factors outside work
Who are the 4 motivation theorists?
-Taylor scientific management
-Mayo’s HR theory
-Maslows hierarchy of needs
-Herzbergs 2 factor theory
Describe Taylor’s scientific management theory
-breaks down tasks into simple ones
-standardises work processes
-select and train workers
-provide financial incentives for performance to motivate
How do businesses use Taylor’s scientific management?
-pay based on work completed
-workers trained to perform one task which they become very skilled at
Give an advantage of Taylors scientific management
A- using a standardised procedure means everyone follows the same rules and it helps decreases errors which increase effeciency
Give a disadvantage of Taylor’s scientific management
repetition of jobs can be demotivating leading to decreased productivity
Describe Mayo’s HR theory
Believes in importance of social factors within a workplace like communication, motivation and job satisfaction
-Believes improving relationships between employees and managers etc leads to inc job satisfaction and productivity
How do businesses use Mayos HR theory?
to empower and encourage employees by giving them feedback and recognition for work
Give an advantage of Mayos HR theory
improved job satisfaction so productivity increases
Give a disadvantage of Mayos HR theory
Theres potential for conflict and disagreement which may cause a lack of control over employees
Describe Moslows hierarchy of needs theory
To increase motivation all employees must recieve all 5 of the human needs
What did Moslow suggest are the 5 human needs?
How can businesses provide these?
1- psychological needs (access to clean water and rest breaks)
2- safety (provide job security and fair pay)
3- love (bus can encourage teamwork for sense of community)
4-esteem needs (bus can recognize employee accomplishments)
5- self actualisation needs (offering opportunities for employees to pursue their passions and interests)
Give an advantage of Maslows hierarchy of needs
Increased employee satisfaction by meeting their needs will improve productivity
Give a disadvantage of Maslows hierarchy of needs
-meeting all the needs of many individuals can be costly
Describe Herzbergs 2 factor theory
Two factors that affect employee motivation and job satisfaction (working conditions, fair pay)
Hygiene factors lead to an increase in job dissatisfaction
Motivator factors lead to an increase in job satisfaction (recognition, achievement)
