14. Quality Management (Knowledge Area 5)

Question 1

TQM

Answer 1

Total Quality Management = everyone in the company is responsible for quality in the underlying process of how a product is made.

Question 2

Process: Manage Quality

Answer 2

Process that ensures quality management processes are being met and improved on.

Question 3

process diagram

Answer 3

(aka flowchart) can display the sequence of steps a given process will follow

Question 4

Process: Plan Quality Management

Answer 4

Process that creates the quality management plan and describes the quality metrics

Question 5

quality metrics

Answer 5

specifically describe a project or product attribute and how the control quality process will verify compliance to it.

Ex: a task completed on time, the failure rate, or the number of defects identified per day

Question 6

quality management plan

Answer 6

includes the quality standards to be used on the project, the quality objectives of the project, and the quality roles and responsibilities

Question 7

matrix diagram

Answer 7

will help show a relationship in a process

Question 8

requirements management plan

Answer 8

document how to manage the project requirements

Question 9

histograms

Answer 9

bar charts that can show frequencies

Question 10

flowchart

Answer 10

displays the sequence of the steps that the process will follow

Question 11

Ishikawa diagram

Answer 11

(aka cause and effect diagram) hows the reasons for potential cause

Question 12

scatter diagram

Answer 12

will show the relationship between two variables

Question 13

manage quality

Answer 13

a process that is done to ensure and improve the quality management processes the project will follow to produce a quality deliverable.

It uses data from the control quality process, in particular, the quality control measurements.

Question 14

Technique: Designed for X

Answer 14

can be used to help design a product for a particular characteristic

Question 15

critical path method

Answer 15

used to find the minimum duration on a network diagram

Question 16

Technique: Designed for X

Answer 16

a technique that can be used to help design a product for a particular characteristic

X is a variable that can stand for reliability, deployment, assembly, cost, or safety.

Question 17

benchmarking

Answer 17

a tool used to compare the standards of comparable projects or products

Question 18

Process: Control Quality

Answer 18

Process that ensures the deliverables have met the quality requirements by inspecting them.

Question 19

Quality is about _____.

Answer 19

prevention

The more a defect is prevented, the fewer inspections will be needed. For example, hiring a well-trained programmer would require fewer code inspections.

Question 20

What in quality management describes a project’s or product’s attribute and how the quality control process will verify compliance to it?

Answer 20

quality metrics

Question 21

When managing project quality, what process does the project manager follow to ensure that the processes the project adheres to will produce a quality deliverable?

Question 22

Who manages quality?

Answer 22

everyone

Managing quality is everybody’s job, including project manager, project team, project sponsor, and the management of the performing organization—even the customers are involved.

Question 23

Manage quality is a process that is done to increase the probability of meeting a project’s quality requirements. From what other process does manage quality get the data needed to improve quality management?

Answer 23

control quality

The manage quality process uses the data and results from the control quality process to ensure that the quality is being improved and met.

Question 24

A project manager working on a phone development project has met with the project team to determine the grade and quality of the product. The phone needs to have basic functionality to be sold in emerging markets.

What should the quality and grade be for the project?

Answer 24

high quality, low grade

All deliverables should be high quality but not necessarily high grade.

Question 25

The company has informed all company employees that they must pay careful attention to the work that they are doing to ensure the company delivers a quality product .

What quality management theory best illustrates this scenario?

Question 26

The project team has met with the project manager to develop the quality management plan and the quality metrics.

What project documents contain the product quality requirements that the team would use to create quality metrics?

Answer 26

requirements documentation = includes the project and the product quality requirements

Question 27

While developing a smart phone, the project team has decided to look at other smart phones in the market to see how fast they start. The team members know that to be competitive, they will need to meet the startup times of the smart phones currently on the market.

What tool would best help the project team in this scenario?

Answer 27

benchmarking

Question 28

While planning a project’s quality, the project team has identified certain costs that would need to be included in the project budget, such as testing, inspections, and having the right equipment to do the job.

What best describes these costs?

Answer 28

cost of conformance

The cost of quality includes the cost of conformance, which usually includes prevention costs, such as training, equipment, appraisal costs, testing, and inspections.

Question 29

After a brainstorming session, the team members have accumulated a lot of different ideas that they can use to ensure the development of a good quality product. Their next step is to organize this information in a visual chart to make it easier for other stakeholders to understand.

What method can best help the team?

Answer 29

a method used to visually organize information

Question 30

The project’s team members have documented what quality standards are to be used on the project and the different roles and responsibilities for quality management on the project.

What project component will they store this information?

Answer 30

quality management plan

Question 31

The project manager has met the project team, and they have created a control chart to determine whether the quality processes are stable and if it needs to be improved. They have taken a sample of 30 deliverables that are produced in a row and have identified that six of them are consecutively above the middle line between the upper and lower limits.

What should the project team do next?

Answer 31

Nothing the process is in control

A control chart follows the rule of seven, which specifies that there must be seven consecutive points above or below the middle line, which is the average of the data points, for the process to be out of control.

Question 32

The project team is having a very difficult time identifying some of the main things causing the deliverables to have many quality defects.

What tool can best help the project team identify the reasons for these defects?

Answer 32

Ishikawa diagram (aka fishbone diagram or cause-and-effect diagram) used to help identify the causes of problems

Question 33

Who would be best selected to conduct the quality audit?

Answer 33

a team external to the project

This ensure that there is no conflicts of interest during the audit and that the results are objective.

Question 34

While designing a product, senior management informed the project manager that the product should be cost-effective, as the product will be sold in a developing country.

What technique could the project managers use to ensure that the product’s design is cost-effective?

Answer 34

Designed for X

X is a variable that can stand for reliability, deployment, assembly, cost, or safety

Question 35

The deliverables of the project have been completed, and the project team has decided to inspect the product to ensure that it has met the quality requirements.

What process will the team use to inspect the deliverable for quality requirements?

Answer 35

control quality