1.4 Flashcards
staff definition
the employees in a business
staffing definition
process of hiring, training and supervising employees in a business
multi skilling and full time work pros and cons
mulstiskilling
+ less staff needed, higher CU, reduce costs
- no specialist staff
full time
+employees commited,less handover
- employees may be idle
part time and temporary work pros and cons
part time
+ costs down, more flexible
- less committed employees
temporary work
+ideal for extra work for a project, seasonal demands
- training costs
flexible working and zero hour contract pros and cons
flexible
+keeps valuable staff from leaving, work life balance
- may need extra staff
0 hour
+businesses where work is unpredictable/short notice staff
working from home advantages
less rent costs, no commute
what is outsourcing
third party company that specialises in the role and can be hired on contract e.g. delivery
trade union and works councils definition
TU- organisation with members who are usually workers/employees which looks after heir interests and rights
WC- forum within a business where managers meet to discuss issues
2 bargaining methods
- collective bargaining
trade unions and businesses agree on pay - individual bargaining
more useful in small businesses. individuals negotiate their own pay
recruitment definition
the process of finding people to work for a company
internal vs external recruitment
internal - cost effective, increases morale
smaller pool of candidates , lack of new ideas
external- wider pool
cost , demotivating, may require training
taylor motivational theory
Workers motivated by pay
Fair days pay for fair days work
Assumption workers were lazy
Car industry - Ford
Only achievable as there was a high supply of workers
Mayo motivational theory
HR theory
Workers motivated by having their social needs met at work - good communication, working in groups/ teams
Boring and repetitive work demotivating
Recognition and appreciation important
Maslow motivation theory
Hierarchy of needs to reach self actualisation
Secure job to meet safety needs - money
1. self actualisation needs
2. esteem needs
3. love/belonging needs
4. safety needs
5.physiological needs
Herzberg motivational theory
2 factor theory
1. motivating factors -interesting work and responsibility
2.hygiene factors - if met would not motivate however would demotivate if not met
- good working conditions
- salary
- treatment at work
KITA
training most powerful motivator
organisational design def
diagram/chart which shows the lines of authority and the layers of hierarchy in the business
heirachy , chain of command and span of control definition
system in a business where employees are ranked due to status and authority
chain of command- flow of information
span of control - number of people level below you in chain of command
centralisation and decentralisation definition
centralisation - business has one central head office (flat) for decision making
decentralisation - business divides up organisation into areas (heirachy)
tall structure
narrow span of control
taylors theory
manager knows you well
delayed decision making
promotion opportunities
expensive as more managers
flat structure
wide span of control
better communication
manager not know you aswell
what is a matrix structure
Workers being ordered by project and business structure. Teams carry out projects
staff have specific skills
flexible
financial methods of motivation
commission: bonus payed on achieving a sales target
piecework: payment based on number of units of output produced
profit sharing/bonus schemes: distributing a % of net profit across the workforce
bonus
non financial methods of motivation
Delegation
teamworking
flexible working
job enrichment
job rotation
job enlargement - combining of job tasks across the company
L-the action
M- process of
leadership and management definition
leadership- the action of leading a group of people or organisation or the ability to do this
management: the process of dealing with or controlling groups of people
autocratic leadership
Where one person controls all the decisions and takes very little inputs from other group members
+clear chain of command, quick decision making
- demotivating , less creative solutions, creates culture of dependancy
democratic leadership
Member of the group participate in the decision making
+motivating , more ideas, training
- takes time, employees may have less knowledge
Paternalistic leadership
Authority figure who takes into account the welfare of his employees when making decisions
+lower turnover
Laissez faire leadership
Gives others freedom to make decisions
+suitable for creative environments , encourages innovation
- lack of supervision leads to poor productivity
difference between dismissal and redundancy
redundancy - job no longer exists
dismissal broke rules being fired
2 types of training
on the job, off the job
