1.4

Question 1

staff definition

Answer 1

the employees in a business

Question 2

staffing definition

Answer 2

process of hiring, training and supervising employees in a business

Question 3

multi skilling and full time work pros and cons

Answer 3

mulstiskilling
+ less staff needed, higher CU, reduce costs
- no specialist staff
full time
+employees commited,less handover
- employees may be idle

Question 4

part time and temporary work pros and cons

Answer 4

part time
+ costs down, more flexible
- less committed employees
temporary work
+ideal for extra work for a project, seasonal demands
- training costs

Question 5

flexible working and zero hour contract pros and cons

Answer 5

flexible
+keeps valuable staff from leaving, work life balance
- may need extra staff
0 hour
+businesses where work is unpredictable/short notice staff

Question 6

working from home advantages

Answer 6

less rent costs, no commute

Question 7

what is outsourcing

Answer 7

third party company that specialises in the role and can be hired on contract e.g. delivery

Question 8

trade union and works councils definition

Answer 8

TU- organisation with members who are usually workers/employees which looks after heir interests and rights
WC- forum within a business where managers meet to discuss issues

Question 9

2 bargaining methods

Answer 9

1. collective bargaining
   trade unions and businesses agree on pay
2. individual bargaining
   more useful in small businesses. individuals negotiate their own pay

Question 10

recruitment definition

Answer 10

the process of finding people to work for a company

Question 11

internal vs external recruitment

Answer 11

internal - cost effective, increases morale
smaller pool of candidates , lack of new ideas
external- wider pool
cost , demotivating, may require training

Question 12

taylor motivational theory

Answer 12

Workers motivated by pay
Fair days pay for fair days work
Assumption workers were lazy
Car industry - Ford
Only achievable as there was a high supply of workers

Question 13

Mayo motivational theory

Answer 13

HR theory
Workers motivated by having their social needs met at work - good communication, working in groups/ teams
Boring and repetitive work demotivating
Recognition and appreciation important

Question 14

Maslow motivation theory

Answer 14

Hierarchy of needs to reach self actualisation
Secure job to meet safety needs - money
1. self actualisation needs
2. esteem needs
3. love/belonging needs
4. safety needs
5.physiological needs

Question 15

Herzberg motivational theory

Answer 15

2 factor theory
1. motivating factors -interesting work and responsibility
2.hygiene factors - if met would not motivate however would demotivate if not met
- good working conditions
- salary
- treatment at work
KITA
training most powerful motivator

Question 16

organisational design def

Answer 16

diagram/chart which shows the lines of authority and the layers of hierarchy in the business

Question 17

heirachy , chain of command and span of control definition

Answer 17

system in a business where employees are ranked due to status and authority

chain of command- flow of information
span of control - number of people level below you in chain of command

Question 18

centralisation and decentralisation definition

Answer 18

centralisation - business has one central head office (flat) for decision making
decentralisation - business divides up organisation into areas (heirachy)

Question 19

tall structure

Answer 19

narrow span of control
taylors theory
manager knows you well
delayed decision making
promotion opportunities
expensive as more managers

Question 20

flat structure

Answer 20

wide span of control
better communication
manager not know you aswell

Question 21

what is a matrix structure

Answer 21

Workers being ordered by project and business structure. Teams carry out projects
staff have specific skills
flexible

Question 22

financial methods of motivation

Answer 22

commission: bonus payed on achieving a sales target
piecework: payment based on number of units of output produced
profit sharing/bonus schemes: distributing a % of net profit across the workforce
bonus

Question 23

non financial methods of motivation

Answer 23

Delegation
teamworking
flexible working
job enrichment
job rotation
job enlargement - combining of job tasks across the company

Question 24

L-the action

M- process of

leadership and management definition

Answer 24

leadership- the action of leading a group of people or organisation or the ability to do this
management: the process of dealing with or controlling groups of people

Question 25

autocratic leadership

Answer 25

Where one person controls all the decisions and takes very little inputs from other group members
+clear chain of command, quick decision making
- demotivating , less creative solutions, creates culture of dependancy

Question 26

democratic leadership

Answer 26

Member of the group participate in the decision making
+motivating , more ideas, training
- takes time, employees may have less knowledge

Question 27

Paternalistic leadership

Answer 27

Authority figure who takes into account the welfare of his employees when making decisions
+lower turnover

Question 28

Laissez faire leadership

Answer 28

Gives others freedom to make decisions
+suitable for creative environments , encourages innovation
- lack of supervision leads to poor productivity

Question 29

difference between dismissal and redundancy

Answer 29

redundancy - job no longer exists
dismissal broke rules being fired

Question 30

2 types of training

Answer 30

on the job, off the job