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Pharmacology > 13.1 Drugs Affecting Gut Motility > Flashcards

13.1 Drugs Affecting Gut Motility Flashcards

1
Q

What are some examples of anti spasmodic drugs?

A

Hyoscine

Mebemerine

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2
Q

When are anti spasmodics used?

A

IBS
Diverticulitis
Colic

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3
Q

How do antispasmodics work?

A

Muscarinic antagonists

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4
Q

What are some antispasmodic ADRs?

A

Dry mouth
Eye pain
Arrythmia
Blurred vision

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5
Q

What is an example of an anti motility drug?

A

Loperamide (imodium)

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6
Q

What is an indication for anti motility drug use?

A

Diarrhoea

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action for anti motility drugs?

A

Mu opioid receptors in the large colon increase transit time

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8
Q

What are some ADRs of anti motility drugs?

A

Constipation
Nausea
Toxic megacolon
Paralytic ileus with repeated use

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9
Q

What are some examples of laxative classes?

A 
Bulk
Softeners
Osmotic
Stimulant
Non pharmacological
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10
Q

What are some examples of bulk laxatives?

A

Ispagula husk

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11
Q

When else could you use a bulking agent?

A

Some cases of mild diarrhoea

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12
Q

When would you not use a bulking laxative?

A

Adhesions

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13
Q

How do bulking laxatives work?

A

Basically fibre

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14
Q

What are some ADRs of bulking agents?

A

Abdominal cramps

Choking if not taken with water

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15
Q

What is an example of a softening laxative?

A

Glycerol - lubricates and softens stool

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16
Q

What are some examples of osmotic agents?

A

Lactulose
Macrogols
Phosphate enemas

17
Q

How quickly do osmotic agents work?

A

Very quick

18
Q

Whats an example of a stimulant laxative and how does it work?

A

Senna

Excites sensory nerve endings - water and peristalsis induced

19
Q

What are some ADRs of senna?

A

Hypokalaemia

COlonic atony

20
Q

What is senna usually used for?

A

Endoscopy prep

21
Q

What are some examples of antinausea drugs?

A 
Cyclizine
Metoclopramide
Domperidone
Odansetron
Hyoscine
22
Q

How does cyclizine work?

A

H1 (histamine) receptor antagonist

23
Q

What are some ADRs of cyclizine?

A

Drowsiness
Dry mouth
Visual problems
Constipation

24
Q

How does metoclopramide work?

A

Dopamine antagonist at the area prostrema

25
Q

What are some ADRs of metoclopramide?

A

Diarrhoea
Restless
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

26
Q

How does domperidone work?

A

Dopamine antagonist at the area prostrema

27
Q

What are some ADRs of domperidone?

A

Dry mouth
Abdominal cramps
Hyperprolactinaemia

28
Q

How does ondansetron work?

A

5HT (serotonin) antagonist

29
Q

What are some ADRs of ondansetron?

A

QT prolongation

Constipation

30
Q

How does hyoscine work?

A

Antimuscarinic

31
Q

What are some ADRs of hyoscine?

A

Dry mouth
Tachycardia
Urticaria

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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