11.2 Drugs used in Neurological Disorders Flashcards
What are some causes of Parkisnsonism?
Multiple system atrophy
Vascular
Drug induced
Idiopathic
Does Parkinsons medication treat all causes of Parkinsonism?
No, just Parkinson’s disease
What are some classes of drugs used to treat Parkinson’s disease?
Levodopa Dopamine receptor agonists Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors COMT inhibitors Anticholinergics Amantadine
How does levodopa work?
Taken up by dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra and converted to dopamine
What do we have to use levodopa with and why?
A peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, otherwise less than 1% of levodopa reaches CNS
Also reduces side effects
What are some side effects of levodopa?
Nausea/vomiting Hypotension Psychosis Tachycardia Motor complications
What are some examples of dopamine receptor agonists?
Bromocryptine
Apomorphine
Ropinirole
Why don’t we use bromocryptine?
It is ergot derived and so can cause pulmonary fibrosis
What are some ADRs of dopamine receptor agonists?
Impulse control disorders Psychiatric side effects Hypotension Sedation Hallucination
What is an example of a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor?
Selegiline
What does selegine do?
Inhibits MOAB which metabolises dopamine in the brain
Prolongs L-DOPA action
What is an example of a COMT inhibitor?
Entacapone
What does entacapone do?
Reduce peripheral breakdown of L-DOPA
What is an example of an anticholinergic used for Parkinons and why is it used?
Procyclidine
ACh may have an antagonistic effect on dopamine
What are some ADRs of procyclidine?
Confusion
Drowsy
Dry mouth
Tachycardia
