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REGUB > 13. Chronic Kidney Disease > Flashcards

13. Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is stage 1 of chronic kidney disease?

A

eGFR >90

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2
Q

What is stage 2 of chronic kidney disease?

A

eGFR 60-90

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3
Q

What is stage 3 of chronic kidney disease?

A

eGFR 30-60

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4
Q

What is stage 4 of chronic kidney disease?

A

15-30

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5
Q

What is stage 5 of chronic kidney disease?

A

<15

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6
Q

What are the risk factors for developing chronic kidney disease?

A 
Hypertension, atheroma
Diabetes
Age
Asian or black
Family history
Prolonged hospital admission
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7
Q

What are the causes of chronic kidney disease?

A 
Diabetic nephropathy
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic KD
Tubulo-interstitial nephropathy
Obstructive nephropathy
Chronic pyelonephritis
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8
Q

Who should be screened for kidney disease?

A 
Abnormal urinary tract
BP high
CVD
Diabetics
Elderly
Family history
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9
Q

what factors should be taken into account when caring for a patient with CKD?

A 
Protein restriction
Stop smoking
Stop nephrotoxic medications
Monitor for anaemia
Monitor for CKD mineral and bone disorder
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10
Q

What are the features of CKD mineral and bone disorder?

A

Hyperphosphate
Hypocalcaemia
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism

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11
Q

What is the management of tertiary hyperparathyroidism?

A

Vitamin D replacement
Control phosphate
Calcimimetics

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12
Q

Why are sodium bicarbonate tablets given in chronic kidney disease?

A

Kidney can’t excrete acid load from diet

Acidosis can cause CKD to progress faster

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13
Q

When should dialysis be used in CKD?

A

Uraemic symptoms: vomiting, itch, insomnia
eGFR <10
Acidosis, hypercalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia

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14
Q

What complications are associated with a renal biopsy?

A

Bleeding

Arteriovenous fistula formation

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REGUB (31 decks)

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