1.2.2 Flashcards
What are the long term effects of exercise?
Increased stroke volume - amount of blood pumped with each heart beat.
RHR decreases - same amount of blood pumped with fewer beats.
Recovery rate reduced - returns to resting heart rate quicker.
Lower blood pressure - force of blood on arteries walls is reduced.
Veins/arteries healthier.
What are the short term effect of exercise?
Increased heart rate - muscles need more oxygen and nutrients so heart works harder to pump more.
Increased blood pressure - pressure of blood on walls of arteries is increased because more blood is going through them.
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
To supply the body with oxygen and nutrients and remove carbon dioxide.
Contains: heart, blood and blood vessels.
What is rest?
Time allowed for the body to recover and adaptions to occur.
E.g Heart to grow/amount of capillaries increase.
What is HDL (high density lipoprotein)?
Good cholesterol - helps transport cholesterol away from the heart to the liver.
What is LDL (low-density lipoprotein)?
Bad cholesterol - causes build up of plaque in arteries = restricted blood flow = higher blood pressure = eventually CHD
What recreational drugs effect the CV system?
Smoking/nicotine - raises blood pressure. Reduced HDL = +chance of CHD
Alcohol - can increase HDL but long-term abuse = bad
What is systolic blood pressure?
Maximum pressure of the blood in the arteries when the heart contracts.
Rises during exercise.
What is Diastolic blood pressure?
Pressure of the blood in the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats.
What is a result of increased stroke volume?
Increased size and volume of heart - cardiac output ( heart rate x stroke volume) increases.
What is Cardiac Output?
The amount of blood leaving the heart per minute.
