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GCSE PE > 1.1.5 > Flashcards

1.1.5 Flashcards

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0
Q

What is blood shunting?

A

Blood is moved away from muscles that don’t require it.

E.g. During exercise your gut doesn’t need blood because you aren’t digesting foot.

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1
Q

What four things contribute to a balanced lifestyle?

A

Exercise
Diet
Rest
Work

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2
Q

When should you eat before exercise?

A

2-3 hours before otherwise blood shunting can cause stomach cramps.

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3
Q

What is exercise?

A

Any form of physical activity

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4
Q

What is diet?

A

The food we eat

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5
Q

What is Rest?

A

Time we are not at work / exercising

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6
Q

What is work?

A

Some jobs are more physically active than others

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7
Q

What does a balanced diet do?

A

Provides the body with sufficient energy and vital nutrients for it to function properly.

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8
Q

What seven things contribute to a balanced diet?

A

Carbohydrates / fats / proteins / water / vitamins / minerals / fibre

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9
Q

What are the macro-nutrients?

A

Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins

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10
Q

Function of Carbohydrates:

A

Slow release energy found in cereals, bread and pasta.

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11
Q

Function of fats:

A

Rich source of energy found in meat, oils and dairy.

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12
Q

Function of protein:

A

Growth and repair of muscles found in meat

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13
Q

What are the micro-nutrients?

A

Minerals

Vitamins

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14
Q

Function of minerals:

A

Ensures health of body

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15
Q

Two types of minerals:

A

Calcium - formation of bones and teeth found in Dairy and Cereals
Iron - transportation of oxygen in blood found in green vegetables and liver

16
Q

Function of vitamins:

A

Ensures health of body - vit. d absorbs calcium.

Vits. Found in dairy, veg, fruit, whole grains.

17
Q

What two other things make up a balanced diet?

A

Fibre and water

18
Q

Function of fibre:

A

Efficient digestive system found in whole grain bread, cereals, fruit and veg.

19
Q

Functions of water:

A

Transportation of nutrients
Regulates body temperature
Prevents dehydration
Found in fluids and some foods.

20
Q

What is energy balance?

A

When energy consumed is the same as energy expended

21
Q

If energy is not balance what are the five things that can happen?

A 
Underweight 
Anorexic 
Overfat
Overweight
Obese
22
Q

What is optimum weight?

A

The body weight which most favours the athlete for their sport.

23
Q

What affects optimum weight?

A 
Height 
Gender
Bone structure
Muscle girth
Genetics
24
Q

What is a somatotype?

A

A way of classifying body shapes

25
Q

What are the three somatotypes?

A

Endomorph
Ectomorph
Mesomorph

26
Q

If some is an endomorphic-mesomorph what somatotype are they predominantly?

A

Mesomorph

27
Q

What is endomorph?

A

Dumpy/fat

Sumo-wrestler/weightlifter

28
Q

What is an Ectomorph?

A

Tall/skinny

High jumper/long distance runner

29
Q

What is a mesomorph?

A

Stocky

Rugby player/sprinter

GCSE PE (10 decks)

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