1.16 - Turkey EQ Flashcards
What type of plate boundary is associated with the North Anatolian Fault?
Conservative plate boundary.
What major earthquake occurred along the North Anatolian Fault in 1999?
The Izmit earthquake.
What was the magnitude of the 1999 Izmit earthquake?
Magnitude 7.6.
How many people were killed in the 1999 Izmit earthquake?
17,000 people.
What secondary hazards were caused by the Izmit earthquake?
Fire, industrial damage, and tsunami.
How can data from previous earthquakes help predict future events?
By using computer models to forecast probabilities.
Why is prediction and forecasting of earthquakes challenging?
Due to variability in seismic activity and complex fault dynamics.
What role do decision-makers play in earthquake risk reduction?
They use forecasts to identify vulnerable groups and plan mitigation.
What can GIS mapping be used for in earthquake preparedness?
To map vulnerable areas and allocate resources efficiently.
What economic impacts did the 1999 Izmit earthquake have?
Destruction of infrastructure and loss of industrial output.
What lessons were learned from the 1999 Izmit earthquake?
The need for improved building regulations and emergency response.
What is a key challenge for earthquake preparedness in Turkey?
Densely populated urban areas near fault lines.
How are seismic gaps used in earthquake prediction?
They indicate areas that may experience future earthquakes.
What strategies can reduce earthquake risk in Turkey?
Strict building codes, public education, and emergency drills.
How does earthquake forecasting benefit urban planning?
It helps guide development away from high-risk zones.
Why is the North Anatolian Fault significant?
It is one of the most seismically active faults in the world.
What role does the government play in earthquake management?
Enforcing safety regulations and coordinating response efforts.
What are the primary factors influencing earthquake vulnerability?
Building quality, population density, and emergency response.
How do aftershocks impact disaster response?
They complicate rescue efforts and increase structural damage.
What role does public awareness play in earthquake mitigation?
It encourages preparedness and reduces panic during an event.
How do building codes help reduce earthquake damage?
By ensuring structures can withstand seismic forces.
What challenges do emergency responders face during earthquakes?
Blocked roads, communication failures, and resource shortages.
Why is Istanbul particularly at risk from earthquakes?
Due to its location near the North Anatolian Fault and high population density.
What technological advances help in earthquake prediction?
Seismic sensors and satellite monitoring systems.
What are some of the early warning systems used in Turkey?
Seismometers, automated alerts, and public awareness programs.
