1.12 - Earthquake Impacts Flashcards
What tectonic event led to the formation of the Himalayas?
The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.
What is the current uplift rate of the Himalayas?
Approximately 2 cm per year.
What natural hazards are associated with the Himalayas?
Earthquakes, landslides, and avalanches.
What is liquefaction?
When ground shaking causes sediment to behave like a liquid.
What are aftershocks?
Smaller earthquakes that follow the main shock.
What scale measures earthquake magnitude?
Moment Magnitude Scale (Mw).
What are the primary types of seismic waves?
P-waves, S-waves, and surface waves.
What is the primary cause of tsunamis?
Seafloor displacement from earthquakes.
How can earthquakes cause fires?
By rupturing gas and electricity lines.
What was a significant recent earthquake in the Himalayas?
The 2015 Nepal earthquake.
What are the social impacts of Himalayan earthquakes?
Loss of life, displacement, and health issues.
What mitigation strategies help in earthquake-prone regions?
Seismic building codes and emergency planning.
How do landslides occur during earthquakes?
Ground shaking destabilizes slopes.
What is the primary focus during post-earthquake response?
Search and rescue operations.
How does poverty affect earthquake vulnerability?
Poor infrastructure and lack of resources increase risk.
