115 Unit 7

Question 1

____ is a basic component of health and is essential for normal growth and development, tissue maintenance and repair, cellular metabolism, and organ function.

Answer 1

Nutrition

Question 2

____ is a chemical substance that provides nourishment and affects metabolic and nutritive processes.

Answer 2

Nutrients

Question 3

____ are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Ar starches and sugars that are obtained mainly from plant foods, with the exception of lactose.

Answer 3

Carbohydrates

Question 4

____ are the building blocks of proteins and are made of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogens.

Answer 4

Amino Acids

Question 5

____ are the most important components of proteins in the human body and are essential for synthesis of body tissue in growth, maintenance, and repair.

Answer 5

Amino Acids

Question 6

____ are compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.

Answer 6

Lipids (fats)

Question 7

____ are made up of triglycerides and fatty acids and are a source of energy, providing 9kcal/g.

Answer 7

Lipids

Question 8

____ are organic substances resent in small amounts in foods and are essential for normal metabolism.

Answer 8

Vitamins

Question 9

____ are inorganic elements that catalyze biochemical reactions.

Answer 9

Minerals

Question 10

____ refers to all of the bodily biochemical and physiological processes.

Answer 10

Metabolism

Question 11

Nutrients are converted into necessary substances for cell function through what?

Answer 11

Metabolism

Question 12

2 basic types of metabolism.

Answer 12

Catabolism & Metabolism

Question 13

____ is the production of more complex chemical substances by synthesis of nutrients needed to build or repair body tissue.

Answer 13

Anabolism

Question 14

____ is the breakdown of body tissues into simpler substances.

Answer 14

Catabolism

Question 15

The liver and muscles store glucose in the form of glycogen through what process?

Answer 15

Glycogenesis

Question 16

____ is a process that converts glucose to fat for storage?

Answer 16

Lipogenesis

Question 17

What is the process that breaks down fat and amino acids for conversion to glucose when energy needs exceed glycogen storage.

Answer 17

Gluconeogenesis

Question 18

____ represents the energy needs of a person at rest after awakening.

Answer 18

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Question 19

____ is a calculation based on height and weight in children and adults that is a reliable indicator of body fat.

Answer 19

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Question 20

____ is a systematic measurement of the size and makeup of the body using height and weight as the principal measures.

Answer 20

Anthropometry

Question 21

____ refers to difficulty with swallowing.

Answer 21

Dysphagia

Question 22

____ refers to difficulty with swallowing.

Answer 22

Dysphagia

Question 23

____ refers to administration of nutrients and fluid into the stomach or intestinal tract via a feeding tube.

Answer 23

Enteral Nutrition

Question 24

____ is the administration of a solution consisting of glucose, amino acids, minerals, electrolytes, trace elements, and vitamins through a peripheral or central venous catheter.

Answer 24

Parenteral Nutrition

Question 25

____ is the use of specific nutritional therapies to treat an illness, injury, or condition.

Answer 25

Medical nutrition therapy

Question 26

____ is information on each vitamin or mineral to reflect a range of minimum maximum amounts that avert deficiency or toxicity.

Answer 26

Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)

Question 27

____ is a hollow tube inserted into the jejunum through the abdominal wall for administration of liquefied foods to patients who have a high risk of aspiration.

Answer 27

Jejunostomy tube

Question 28

____ is a fatty acid in which some of he carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain are joined by double or triple bonds. Has only one or trible bond per molecule and are found as components of fats in such foods as fowls, almonds, pecans, cashews, peanuts and olive oil.

Answer 28

Monounsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 29

____ is a fatty acid in which some of he carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain are joined by double or triple bonds. Has only one or trible bond per molecule and are found as components of fats in such foods as fowls, almonds, pecans, cashews, peanuts and olive oil.

Answer 29

Monounsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 30

____ is a fatty acid that has two or more carbon double bonds.

Answer 30

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

Question 31

____ is a fatty acid in which each carbon in the chain has an attached hydrogen atom.

Answer 31

Saturated fatty acid

Question 32

____ is a fatty acid in which an unequal number of hydrogen atoms are attached and the carbon atoms at ache to each other with a double bond.

Answer 32

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Question 33

____ is the achievement of equal nitrogen input and output.

Answer 33

Nitrogen Balance

Question 34

____ is the achievement of equal nitrogen input and output.

Answer 34

Nitrogen Balance

Question 35

____ is the presence of bacteria in the urine.

Answer 35

Bacteriuria

Question 36

____ is the introduction of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to inject or remove fluid.

Answer 36

Catheterization

Question 37

____ painful urination resulting from bacterial infection of the bladder and obstructive conditions of the urethra.

Answer 37

Dysuria

Question 38

____ is a receptacle for volume measurement.

Answer 38

Graduated Measuring Container

Question 39

____ is an abnormal presence of blood in the urine.

Answer 39

Hematuria

Question 40

____ is urination. the act of passing or expelling urine voluntarily through the urethra.

Answer 40

Micturition

Question 41

____ is the presence in the urine of abnormally large quantities of protein, usually albumin.

Answer 41

Proteinuria

Question 42

____ is the volume of fine remaining in the bladder after a normal voiding.

Answer 42

Residual Urine

Question 43

____ is an artificially created opening between a body cavity and the body's surface; for example a, colostomy, formed from apportion of the colon pulled through the abdominal wall.

Answer 43

Stoma

Question 44

____ is a catheter surgically inserted through abdomen into bladder.

Answer 44

Suprapubic Catheter

Question 45

____ is the diversion of urine away from a diseased or defective bladder through an artificial opening in the skin.

Answer 45

Ureterostomy

Question 46

_____ is the receptacle for collecting urine.

Answer 46

Urinal

Question 47

____ is the surgical diversion of the drainage of urine, such as a ureterostomy.

Answer 47

Urinary diversion

Question 48

____ is the inability to control urination.

Answer 48

Urinary Incontinence

Question 49

____ is the abnormal backward flow of urine.

Answer 49

Urinary Reflux

Question 50

____ is the retention of urine in the bladder; condition frequently caused by a temporary loss of muscle function.

Answer 50

Urinary retention

Question 51

____ is a receptacle for collecting urine that fits toilet.

Answer 51

Urinary Hat

Question 52

____ is a device for measuring frequent and small amounts of urine from an indwelling urinary catheter system.

Answer 52

Urometer

Question 53

____ is the presence of organisms in the bloodstream.

Answer 53

Urosepsis

Question 54

____ is the process of urinating.

Answer 54

Voiding

Question 55

____ can be a serious UTI caused by bacteria in the urine.

Answer 55

Bacteremia

Question 56

____ is the irritation of the bladder characterized by urgency, frequency, incontinence, suprapubic tenderness, and foul-smelling, cloudy urine.

Answer 56

Cystitis

Question 57

____ is an upper urinary tract infection.

Answer 57

Pyelonephritis

Question 58

____ is a complete inability of the bladder to empty.

Answer 58

Postvoid residuals

Question 59

____ are drugs that act to promote bowel evacuation.

Answer 59

Cathartics

Question 60

____ is a portion of the large intestine from the cecum to the rectum

Answer 60

Colon

Question 61

____ is a condition characterized by difficulty in passing stool or an infrequent passage of hard stool.

Answer 61

Constipation

Question 62

____ is the passage of feces from the digestive tract through the rectum.

Answer 62

Defecation

Question 63

____ is the increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces.

Answer 63

Diarrhea

Question 64

____ is a procedure involving introduction of a solution into the rectum for cleansing or therapeutic purposes.

Answer 64

Enema

Question 65

____ is the accumulation of hardened fecal material in the rectum or sigmoid colon.

Answer 65

Fecal impaction

Question 66

____ is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus

Answer 66

Fecal Incontinence

Question 67

____ measures microscopic amounts of blood in the feces.

Answer 67

Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)

Question 68

____ is waste or excrement from the gastrointestinal tract.

Answer 68

Feces

Question 69

____ is intestinal gas.

Answer 69

Flatus

Question 70

____ is the permanent dilation and engorgement of veins within the lining of the rectum.

Answer 70

Hemorrhoids

Question 71

____ are drugs that act to promote bowel evacuation.

Answer 71

Laxatives

Question 72

____ is an abnormal black, sticky stool containing digested blood, indicative of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Answer 72

Melena

Question 73

____ is a surgical procedure in which an opening is made into the abdominal wall to allow the passage of intestinal contents from the bowel (colostomy) or urine from the bladder (urostomy).

Answer 73

Ostomy

Question 74

____ is the rhythmical contractions of the intestine that propel gastric contents through the length of the gastrointestinal tract.

Answer 74

Peristalsis

Question 75

____ is a temporary cessation of peristalsis occurs.

Answer 75

Ileus

Question 76

____ is defined as having fewer than 3 bowel movements per week.

Answer 76

Constipation