115 Unit 3 Flashcards
What are the cardinal vital signs?
Temperature Pulse Respiration BP O2 Saturation
____ is the temperature of deep tissues.
Core Temperature
Widening of blood vessels.
Vasodilation
Narrowing of blood vessels.
Vasoconstriction
____ occurs primarily in neonates because they cannot shiver, a limited amount of vascular brown adipose tissue present at birth can be metabolized for heat production.
Nonshivering thermogenesis
____ drastically lowers body temperature and typically presents on the forehead, upper chest, and arms.
Diaphoresis.
____ is another term for fever.
Pyrexia
____ occurs because heat loss mechanisms are unable to keep pace with excess heat production, resulting in an abnormal rise in body temperature.
Fever/Pyrexia
____ is pertaining to or characterized by an elevated body temperature.
Febrile
____ is being without fever.
Afebrile
____ are medications that reduce fever.
Antipyretics
____ is a dangerous heat emergency, defined as a body temperature of 40.2 C (104.4 F) or more.
Heat Stroke
____ is heat loss during prolonged exposure to cold overwhelms the ability of the body to produce heat.
Hypothermia
4 Patterns of fever.
Sustained
Intermittent
Remittent
Relapsing
____ rely on thermal radiation from the ear canal, tympanic membrane, axilla, and temporal artery to measure body temperature.
Infrared thermometers
____ contains a probe connected to a microprocessor chip, which translates signals into degrees and sends a temperature measurement to a digital display
Digital Thermometer
____ is an abnormally elevated heart rate, more than 100 bpm.
Tachycardia
____ is a slow heart rate, less than 60 bpm.
Bradycardia
____ is the deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat.
Dysrhythmia
____ is created by an inefficient contraction of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse wave to the peripheral pulse.
Pulse Deficit
____ is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure.
Pulse pressure
____ is the most common alteration in blood pressure, and often an asymptomatic disorder characterized by persistently elevated bp greater than 140/90.
Hypertension
____ is the term for a blood pressure less than 90/60.
Hypotension
____ is referred to as postural hypotension. (a reduction of systolic of at least 20 and a reduction of diastolic of at least 10 within 3 minutes of standing.)
Orthostatic Hypotension
____ is the devices for measuring the arterial blood pressure that consists of an arm or leg cuff with an air bladder connected to a tube and a bulb for pumping air into the bladder and a gauge for indicating the amount of air pressure being exerted against the artery.
Sphygmomanometer
____ is a clear, rhythmic tapping series that corresponds to the pulse rate and gradually increases in intensity.
Korotkoff sound
____ is the disappearance of sound when abstaining a blood pressure; typically occurs between the first and second Korotkoff sounds.
Auscultatory Gap
____ is the mechanical movement of gases into an out of the lungs.
Ventilation
____ is the distribution of red blood cells to and from the pulmonary capillaries.
Perfusion
____ is the term for the normal rate and depth of ventilation.
Eupnea
____ is the term for a respiratory rate less than 12 per minute or lower than acceptable limits.
Bradypnea
____ is the term for a respiratory rate over 20 or greater than acceptable limits.
Tachypnea
____ is the lack of respiratory movements.
Apnea
____ is the indirect measurement of oxygen saturation. Also the fifth vital sign.
Pulse Oximetry
A ____ measures the combined absorption of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin.
Pulse Oximeter
____ is the use of vision to distinguish normal form abnormal findings.
Inspection
____ involves the use of the hands to touch body parts and make sensitive assessments.
Palpation
____ involves tapping the body with the fingertips to produce a vibration that travels through body tissues, and the character of the sound heard depends on the density of the underlying tissue.
Percussion
____ is the listening for sounds produced by the body.
Auscultation
____smelling to detect abnormalities not recognized by other means.
Olfaction
____ consists of the skin, hair scalp, and nail.
Integument
____ occurs when patient who is sensitive to cold lips and nail beds turn a bluish color.
Cyanosis
____ is a yellow-orange discoloration. Best sift to inspect is the patients sclera.
Jaundice
____ is a red discoloration that often indicates circulatory changes.
Erythema
____ is a term for the back of the hand.
Dorsum
____ is a term for hardened when referring to a patients skin.
Indurated
____ is the elasticity of the skin.
Turgor
____ are pinpoint-size red or purple spots on the skin caused by small hemorrhages in the skin layers.
Petechiae
____ is a thin white ring along the margin of the iris.
Arcus Senilis
____ is the yellow waxy substance commonly found in the ear canal.
Cerumen
4 types of adventitious lung sounds.
Crackles
Rhonchi
Wheezes
Pleural friction
____ is the inflammation of a vein that commonly occurs after trauma to the vessel wall, infection, immobilization, or prolonged IV insertion.
Phlebitis
____ is a landmark formed by the last rib and vertebral column that is used during palpation of the kidney.
Costovertebral Angle
____ are excitatory neurotransmitters.
Prostaglandins
____ are inhibitory neurotransmitters that decrease neuron activity without directly transferring a nerve signal through a synapse.
Endorphins
What does TENS stand for.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
____ is mental and physical freedom from tension or stress that provides individuals a sense of self-control.
Relaxation.
____ is the most common treatment for pain relief.
Analgesics
____ are traditionally called narcotics.
Opioids
____ is the loss of sensation to a localized body part.
Local Anesthesia
