115 Unit 6

Question 1

____ are safeguards designed to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents through the air a person breathes.

Answer 1

Airborne Precautions

Question 2

____ are immunoglobulins, essential to the immune system, that are produced by lymphoid tissue in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens.

Answer 2

Antibodies

Question 3

____ is a substance usually a protein, that causes the formation of an antibody and reacts specifically with that antibody.

Answer 3

Antigen

Question 4

____ is the absence of germs or microorganisms.

Answer 4

Asepsis

Question 5

____ is any health care procedure in which added precautions are used to proven contamination of a person, object, or area y microorganisms.

Answer 5

Aseptic Technique

Question 6

____ are persons or animals who harbor and spread an organism that causes disease in others but do not become ill.

Answer 6

Carriers

Question 7

____ is the presence and multiplication of microorganisms without tissue invasion or damage.

Answer 7

Colonization

Question 8

____ is any disease that can be transmitted from one person or animal to another by direct or indirect contact or by vectors.

Answer 8

Communicable disease

Question 9

____ are safeguards designed to reduce risk of transmission of epidemiologically important microorganisms by direct or indirect contact.

Answer 9

Contact Precautions

Question 10

____ is the process of destroying all pathogenic organisms, except spores.

Answer 10

Disinfection

Question 11

____ are safeguards designed to reduce the risk of droplet transmission of infectious agents.

Answer 11

Droplet Precautions

Question 12

____ are infections produced within a cell or organism.

Answer 12

Endogenous Infections

Question 13

____ is an infection originating outside an organ or part.

Answer 13

Exogenous Infection

Question 14

____ are microorganisms that live on or within a body to compete with disease-producing microorganisms and provide a natural immunity against certain infections.

Answer 14

Flora

Question 15

____ is an infection that was not present or incubating at the time of admission to a health care setting.

Answer 15

Health Care Acquired Infection

Question 16

____ is the quality of being insusceptible to or unaffected by a particular disease or condition.

Answer 16

Immunity

Question 17

____ is the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms that reproduce and multiply.

Answer 17

Infection

Question 18

____ is a protective response of body tissues to irritation or injury.

Answer 18

Inflammation

Question 19

____ are procedures used to reduce the number of microorganisms and prevent their spread.

Answer 19

Medical asepsis

Question 20

____ are microscopic entities, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, capable of carrying on living processes.

Answer 20

Microorganisms

Question 21

____ is of or pertaining to the death of tissue in response to disease or injury.

Answer 21

Necrotic

Question 22

____ is the ability of a pathogenic agent to produce a disease.

Answer 22

Pathogenicity

Question 23

____ are microorganisms capable of producing disease.

Answer 23

Pathogens

Question 24

____ is a place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host.

Answer 24

Reservoir

Question 25

____ are guidelines recommended by the CDC to reduce risk of transmission of blood-borne and other pathogens in hospitals.

Answer 25

Standard Precautions

Question 26

____ is a technique for destroying microorganisms using heat, water, chemicals, or gases.

Answer 26

Sterilization

Question 27

____ is a secondary infection usually caused by an opportunistic pathogen.

Answer 27

Suprainfection

Question 28

____ are procedures used to eliminate any microorganisms from an area. Also called sterile technique.

Answer 28

Surgical asepsis.

Question 29

____ is the ability of an organism to rapidly produce disease.

Answer 29

Virulence

Question 30

____ is the term for an illness that do not have clinical signs and symptoms present.

Answer 30

Asymptomatic

Question 31

____ is a protective reaction that neutralizes pathogens and repairs body cells.

Answer 31

Inflammatory response

Question 32

If pathogens multiply and cause clinical signs and symptoms the infections is termed ____.

Answer 32

Symptomatic

Question 33

____ are precautions used with patient who have communicable diseases and infections that are easily transmissible to others.

Answer 33

Transmission-based precautions

Question 34

____ are activities usually perfumed in the course of a normal day in the patient's life, such as eating, dressing, bathing, brushing teeth, or grooming.

Answer 34

ADLs

Question 35

____ is a kind or amount of exercise or work a person is able to perform

Answer 35

Activity tolerance

Question 36

____ is the body measures of height, weight, and skin folds to evaluate muscle atrophy.

Answer 36

Anthropometric measurements

Question 37

____ is the placement of the patient in bed for therapeutic reasons for a prescribed period.

Answer 37

Bed Rest

Question 38

____ is the destruction of bone cells and release of calcium into the blood.

Answer 38

Bone resorption

Question 39

____ is reductions in skeletal mass routinely accompanying immobility or paralysis.

Answer 39

Disuse Osteoporosis

Question 40

____ is the increased rate of formation and excretion of urine.

Answer 40

Diuresis

Question 41

____ is an abnormal neuromuscular condition of the lower leg and foot, characterized by an inability to dorsiflex, or evert the foot.

Answer 41

Footdrop

Question 42

____ is pneumonia that results fro fluid accumulation as a result of inactivity.

Answer 42

Hypostatic Pneumonia

Question 43

____ is the inability to move about freely, caused by any condition in which movement is immured or therapeutically restricted.

Answer 43

Immobility

Question 44

____ are activities that are necessary to be independent in society beyond eating, grooming, transferring, and toiling and include such skills as shopping, preparing meals, banking, and taking meds.

Answer 44

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL's)

Question 45

____ is the decreased blood supply to a body part, such as skin tissue, or to an organ, such as the heart.

Answer 45

Ischemia

Question 46

____ is the abnormality that may result in permanent condition of a joint, is characterized by flexion and fixation, and is caused by disuse, atrophy, and shortening of muscle fibers and surrounding joint tissues.

Answer 46

Joint Contracture

Question 47

____ is a person's ability to move about freely.

Answer 47

Mobility

Question 48

____ is a condition occurring when the body excretes more nitrogen than it takes in.

Answer 48

Negative Nitrogen Balance

Question 49

____ is the abnormally low blood pressure occurring when a person stands up.

Answer 49

Orthostatic Hypotension

Question 50

____ is a disorder characterized by abnormal rarefaction of bone, occurring most frequently in postmenopausal women, in sedentary or immobilized individuals, and in patines on long-term steroid therapy.

Answer 50

Osteoporosis

Question 51

____ are fractures resulting from weekend bone tissue; frequently caused by osteoporosis or neoplasms.

Answer 51

Pathological Fractures

Question 52

____ s the accumulation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and the cellular elements of the blood attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery, sometimes occluding the lumen of the vessel.

Answer 52

Thrombus

Question 53

____ is a term that means the individual's center of gravity is stable.

Answer 53

Body alignment

Question 54

____ is the scraping or rubbing away of the epidermis the may result in localized bleeding and later weeping of serous fluid.

Answer 54

Abrasion

Question 55

____ are bandages made of large pieces of material to fit specific body parts.

Answer 55

Binders

Question 56

____ is the redness of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries. When pressure is applied to the skin, the area blanches, or turns a lighter color.

Answer 56

Blanchable hyperemia

Question 57

____ is a soft pad of gauze or cloth used to apply heat, cold, or medications to the surface fox body part.

Answer 57

Compress

Question 58

____ is the removal of dead tissue from a wound.

Answer 58

Debridement

Question 59

____ is the separation of a wound's edges, revealing underlying tissues.

Answer 59

Dehiscence

Question 60

____ is the discoloration of the skin or bruise caused by leakage of blood into subcutaneous tissues as a result of trauma to underlying tissues.

Answer 60

Ecchymosis

Question 61

____ is a thick layer of dead, dry tissue that covers a pressure ulcer or thermal burn; it may be allowed to be a sloughed off naturally or it may need to be surgically removed.

Answer 61

Eschar

Question 62

____ is the protrusion of visceral organs through a surgical wound.

Answer 62

Evisceration

Question 63

____ is the effect of rubbing or the resistance that a moving body meets from the surface non which it moves; a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement.

Answer 63

Friction

Question 64

____ is soft pink, fleshy projections of tissue that form during the healing process in a wound no healing by primary intention.

Answer 64

Granulation Tissue

Question 65

____ is a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the skin or an organ.

Answer 65

Hematoma

Question 66

____ is the termination of bleeding by mechanical or chemical means or by the coagulation process of the body.

Answer 66

Hemostasis

Question 67

____ is the hardening of a tissue, particularly the skin, because of edema or inflammation.

Answer 67

Induration

Question 68

____ is a torn, jagged wound.

Answer 68

Laceration

Question 69

____ is the softening and breaking down of skin from prolonged exposure to moisture.

Answer 69

Maceration

Question 70

____ is the redness of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries. The redness persist when prissier is applied to the area, indicating tissue damage.

Answer 70

Nonblanchable hyperemia

Question 71

____ is the inflammation sore or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence.

Answer 71

Pressure Ulcer

Question 72

____ is the primary union of the edges of a wound, progression to complete scar formation without granulation

Answer 72

Primary Intention

Question 73

____ is the wound closure in which the edges are separated, granulation tissue develops to fill the gap and finally, epithelium grows in over the granulation, producing a larger scar than results with primary intention.

Answer 73

Secondary Intention

Question 74

____ is the force exerted against the skin while the kin remains stationary and the bony structures move.

Answer 74

Shear

Question 75

____ is a bath in which only the hips or buttocks are immersed in fluid.

Answer 75

Sitz Bath

Question 76

____ is the point at which tissues receive insufficient oxygen and perfusion.

Answer 76

Tissue ischemia

Question 77

____ is a redness of the skin resulting from dilation of the superficial capillaries.

Answer 77

Reactive hyperemia