11.5 Avionic Systems Flashcards
What makes up the basic T
Altimeter
Airspeed indicator
Artificial horizon
Heading/compass
What does the FDR do?
Store flight data from flights from last 25 hours
(Flight data recorder)
What are the three emergency frequency’s
121.5mhz
243mhz
406mhz
What component is used to measure the motion of the aircraft on its longitudinal axes?
Accelerometers
How many accelerometers are required on an aircraft?
3
One per axis
What the identification code for emergency
7700
What’s the identification code for hijacking
7500
What’s the identification code for radio failure
7600
What does a white band mean on an airspeed indicator?
Full flap operating range
There is two temperature indicator, SAT (static air temperature) and TAT (total air temperature) which one is higher during flight?
TAT is higher during flight due to ram rise.
What is mode S and it’s purpose ?
Helps ATC control increasing levels of air traffic.
HF are reflected by what?
Bounce of the Ionosphere
How many degrees of freedom does a vertical Gyro have?
3
To calculate the height above the ground we use what?
Radio altimeter
What assists the pilot to fly manually
Flight director
How many VHF systems are there on an aircraft?
2 for COMMS and 1 for ACARS
What antenna is installed inside the leading edge of the vertical stabilisers
HF antenna
What are the three ILS Beacons
Localiser
Marker beacon
Glidestop
Vertical airspeed is part of the Basic T. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
What number code on TCAS is for an emergency
7700
What is the input to the vertical speed indicator
Static pressure
What is the DME frequency
Same as VHF frequency
Yaw damper deflects in ——— direction, relative to yaw motion
Opposite
Airspeed, attitude, altitude and heading make up what?
Basic T
What’s use to connect headphone/microphone to COMMS system?
Audio selector panel
What does the Mode S transponder tell you?
Aircraft position
Flight track
Altitude
Identification number
Can TCAS detect another aircraft if that aircraft does not have TCAS( transponder)
No, the TCAS system will not be able to see that aircraft
At what height does the radio altimeter measure?
Below 2500ft
What’s does the computer system FMS (flight management system) do?
Reduces pilot workload and makes a safer and more economic flight
How many antennas does the ADF system have?
2
Loop and sense
Why does a ADF ( automatic direction finding) system have 2 antennas
1 Loop and 1 sense
Calculate the correct location
How does VOR work
Much like a lighthouse
A rotating beam and a flash in all directions
Then light passes through magnetic north and works out the time between all flash directions
What’s does ILS stand for
Instrument landing system
What three components does a ILS system need?
Localiser, glide slope, marker beacon
What is the decision height
The height a pilot decides if he will land or do a go around. (The minimum heigh before landing)
How does DME tuning work?
Either paired with VOR or localiser ground station automatically when select the VHF NAV frequency
What only transmits a 4 digit identification code
Mode A
What’s the audio priority
Cockpit
Crew
Pre recorded
Music
How many VHF systems are there
3
What does ACARS do
Send data and communication
What does the auto pilot use
Inner and outer loop
Auto pilot also controls
Auto throttle
How can you disconnect the auto throttle
By two buttons
What gyro is used to measure the roll rate
Roll rate gyro
What happens when autopilot is engaged
Servos manage the controls
What does the pitot tube measure
Measures the total pressure which is sum of static and dynamic pressure
What is the standard static pressure at sea level
1013.25 hecto pascales
What does the airspeed indicator indicate
The forward speed of the aircraft’s
What is the job of the vertical speed indicator
Shows the pilot the rate of climb or decent in feet per minute
What is the job of the static ports
A metal plate with holes that allow outside static air pressure to enter static line, so can be measured
When would an altitude alarm system alert the pilot
When there is a deviation of more than 300ft from ATC clearance altitude
How many flight hours do FDRs hold
25 hours
When a force is applied to gyro axis, the reaction is shifted by 90 degrees what is this called
Precession
What type of gyro would be used to indicate the aircraft’s altitude?
Vertical gyro
Vertical gyros have how many degrees of freedom relative to what axis?
3 degrees of freedom on a vertical axis
Depending on the amount of gimbals what are the degrees of freedom for 0,1 and 2 gimbals?
0 gimbal = 1 degrees of freedom
1 gimbal = 2 degrees of freedom
2 gimbal = 3 degrees of freedom
What is the true North?
Reference to the geographical North Pole ( true heading)
What is the magnetic north?
Reference to the magnetic North Pole
What are the centre displays for Boeing and airbus called?
Boeing = EICAS - electronic centralised aircraft monitoring
Airbus = ECAM - engine indication and crew alerting
What is EFIS (electronic flight instrument) system divided into?
. primary flight displays (PFD)
. Navigation displays (NDs)
What does the navigation display?
Presents the situation of the aircraft
What are the two different types of alerts to inform flight crew about abnormal situations?
. Local
. Central
Explain what a local warning is
Controlled directly from specific system, independent of central warning system (cws)
Give 3 types of local warnings in the cockpit
. Push button light
. Flags
. Display limit exceedance
What is the purpose of a flag?
Inform pilot that information which is normally displayed is missing
What does a white push button light mean?
System unavailable
What is the difference from a local to central warning?
Pilots do not need to be permanently monitoring the local warnings on overhead panel/ indicators
What are the two types of central warnings?
. Central warning displays
. Attention getters
What does level 3/ A mean?
WARNING - red asap
What is used to measure fuel temperature?
Thermistor
What differs fuel temp indications in EICAS and ECAM?
ECAM has individual temper valve for each wing.. where as EICAS only have one tank temp indication
How many vibration sensors are there in each wing a.
2
What are the 2 types of accelerometers on engines?
. Electron magnetic
. Piezoelectric crystal
What does VNE mean?
Speed that should never be exceeded
What does VFE mean?
Max speed with flaps extended
What does VNO mean?
Max speed for cruise speed
What does VSO mean?
Stall speed in landing config
What does VMO mean?
Max operating speed
What does VS1 mean?
Stall speed in clean configuration
