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M11 > 11.2 A Airframe Structures > Flashcards

11.2 A Airframe Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 provisions are made in the initial design phase?

A

. Fail safe load transfer
. Damage tolerance
. Fatigue indexing

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2
Q

What is the fail safe method?

A

Duplication of certain structural members to ensure that if one member failed, the other would take the load

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3
Q

What is the main disadvantage of fail safe?

A

Additional weight required

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4
Q

Explain what damage tolerance is

A

The structure is designed so that damage can be detected in normal inspections before failure occurs

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5
Q

What is the ultimate static load?

A

A value of load at which the material fractures

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6
Q

What are the three aircraft classifications?

A

. Primary structure
. Secondary structure
. Tertiary structure

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7
Q

Define primary structure

A

A critical load bearing structure that causes failure of structural integrity

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8
Q

Define secondary structure

A

Not a primary load carrying structure
And failure would not reduce the structural integrity, but need to be repaired asap.

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9
Q

Define tertiary structure

A

Not load carrying and does not form any integral portion

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10
Q

What is an aircraft 5 main structural points?

A

. Fuselage
. Wings
. Stabilisers
. Flight control surfaces
. Landing gears

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11
Q

What are the 6 stresses that affect an aircraft structure?

A

. Tension
. Compression
. Torsion
. Shear
. Bending
. Hoop stress

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12
Q

What causes hoop stress?

A

Due to pressurisation
. Compartment stretches longitudinally
. Circumference expands

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13
Q

What measurement do airbus vs boeing use in reference planes?

A

. Boeing = inches
. Airbus = cm/mm

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14
Q

What three aircraft axis do the body coordinates run along for AIRBUS.

A

. Vertical
. Lateral
. Longitudinal

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15
Q

What three body coordinates do BOEING use?

A

. Body station
. Body buttock lines
. Body waterlines

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16
Q

What is the definition of the body station?

A

A vertical plane at a right angle to the body centreline

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17
Q

What is the definition of the body buttock lines?

A

Vertical planes parallel to the body centreline

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18
Q

What is the defection of the body waterline?

A

Horizontal planes at a right angle to the body station and buttock lines

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19
Q

On a Boeing aircraft what are the 3 wing coordinates?

A

. Wing reference plane
. Wing buttock lines
. Wing stations

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20
Q

Where is the wing reference plane?

A

The same as the dihedral of the wing

21
Q

Where is the wing buttock line?

A

A vertical plane at a right angle to the wing reference plane

22
Q

Where is the wing station?

A

A vertical plane at a right angle to the wing reference plane and the rear spar

23
Q

What am I describing… a horizontal plane, parallel to the body waterline

A

The fin waterline

24
Q

Where a you find the rudder station?

A

At a right angle to the rudder hinge centreline

25
Q

Why do we have major, sub major and zones?

A

To locate assemblies and sub assemblies, doors and panels

26
Q

How many major zones are there?

A

8

27
Q

Zone 100?

A

Lower half of fuselage

28
Q

Zone 200?

A

Upper half fuselage

29
Q

Zone 300?

A

Empennage
(Aft fuselage and horiz and vertical stab)

30
Q

Zone 400?

A

Power plants and struts

31
Q

Zone 500?

A

Left wing

32
Q

Zone 600?

A

Right wing

33
Q

Zone 700?

A

Landing gear and landing gear doors

34
Q

Zone 800?

A

The doors

35
Q

If I had a zone or 631, hay does the individual numbers mean?

A

600= major zone . right wing
30= sub major zone
1 = zone

36
Q

How does aircraft lower drain valves work?

A

Spring load
When aircraft is depressurised = open
When pressurised = closed

37
Q

What is the basic protection on the aircraft from a lightening strike?

A

All metal structure
Protects from EMF

38
Q

What are the steps you must take when your aircraft is struck with lightening?

A

. General walk around
. If damage is found the a detailed inspection

39
Q

What are the two types of lightening damage?

A

. Direct . Burns, distortion etc
. Indirect . Electrical damage

40
Q

What is the size of a normal lightening burn?

A

1/8 inch

41
Q

What is the size of a high intensity lightening burn?

A

1/4 inch

42
Q

Do lightening strikes travel from the front to the back or back to the front?

A

Front to back

43
Q

What is the purpose of bonding an aircraft?

A

Keep the aircraft and all components at the same electrical conductivity
And provides a low resistance return path

44
Q

If binding is done correctly what should be the measurement of resistance?

A

No higher than 0.025 ohums

45
Q

What is the process of grounding?

A

Connects single wire electrical systems to the aircraft metallic structure
(Direct line for electricity to escape safety)

46
Q

When grounding how many terminals can be on one stud?

A

No more than 4

47
Q

In vapour areas how many grounds just be installed?

A

2

48
Q

How must grounds be separated?

A

By AC, DC and shields

M11 (41 decks)

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