Chapter 6: lab tests Flashcards
amylase and lipase tests
test for the levels of amylase and lipase enzymes in the blood
liver function tests (LFTs)
tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood
Exmaples of LFTs are tests for ALT and AST. both are enzymes present in many tissues.
- levels are elevated in the serum of patients with liver disease.
- Alkaline phosphatase (alk phos) is another enzyme that may be elevated in patients with liver, bone, and other diseases.
-serum bilirubin levels are elevated in patients with liver disease and jaundice
stool culture
test for microorganisms present in feces
stool guaiac test or hemoccult test
test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces
lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)
x-ray images of the colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum
upper gastrointestinal series
X-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth.
cholangiography
X-ray examination of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile ducts.
computed tomography (CT)
a series of x-ray images are taken in multiple views (especially cross section)
abdominal ultrasonography
sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera
endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)
Use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Magnetic waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body.
HIDA scan
Radioactive imaging procedure that tracks the production and flow of bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine.
gastrointestinal endoscopy
Visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope.
laparoscopy
visual (endoscopic) examination of the abdomen with a laparoscope inserted through small incisions in the abdomen
nasogastric intubation
Insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach.
