11 - rickettsiosis, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, neorickettsiosis

Question 1

(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

1. caused by what?

Answer 1

1. Rickettsia rickettsiae

Question 2

(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

1. most common where in USA?

Answer 2

1. southeast, midwest

Question 3

(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

1. transmitted by what ticks?
2. what is the reservoir?
3. most infections April-oct

Answer 3

1. American Dog Tick (Dermacentor variablis)

wood tick (dermacentor andersoni)

2. rodents

Question 4

(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

1. bitten by tick -> organism invades what?

resulting in what?

2. high mortality?

Answer 4

1. vascular endothelial cells

necrotizing vascultisi, edema, dmg of organs

2. yep

Question 5

(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

1. common cx?
2. thrombocytopenia is common, as is leukocytosis with a left shit, anemia, and toxic granulation of neutrophils

Answer 5

1. fever, joint pain, ocular signs, neuro signs, petechial hemorrhages

Question 6

(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

(dx)

1. confirmed by what?
2. IFA is dx under what two conditions?

Answer 6

1. serum antibody titers and PCR
2. single high titer, or four-fold increase in paired serum samples

Question 7

(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

(tx)

1. drug of choice?

Answer 7

1. doxycycline (good prog if given early)

Question 8

(canine ehrlichiosis)

1. caused by a variety of species of Ehlichia. canis, ewingii, chaffeensis.
2. what tick transmits E. canis? geo?
3. E. ewingii? geo?
4. E. chaffeensis?

Answer 8

2. brown dog tick (Rhipecephalus sanguineous) southeast
3. lone-star tick (amblyomma americanum) southern and central US
4. lone-star tick; south

Question 9

(canine ehrlichiosis)

1. E. canis and E. chaffeensis infect what?
2. E. ewingii?

Answer 9

1. monocytes and phagocytes
2. granulocytes

Question 10

(canine ehrlichiosis)

1. acute signs of infection occur a few weeks after tick bite and last 2 to 4 weeks - what are they?

Answer 10

1. fever, anorexia, lethargy, oculonasal discharge, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, thrombocytopenia
   (e. ewingii commonly causes polyarthritis)

Question 11

(canine ehrlichiosis)

1. after acute phase, a long subclinical phase follows and can last form months to years.

Answer 11

Question 12

(canine ehrlichiosis)

(dx)

1. serology with IFA is reliable - may not see titers until 2 to 4 weeks after infection

Question 13

(canine ehrlichiosis)

(dx)

1. can see in blood luekocytes, and morulae in bone marrow cells or spirats of LN
2. E. canis and chaffeensis are found where?

E. ewingii?

Answer 13

2. monocytes

neutrophils

Question 14

(canine ehrlichiosis)

1. tx with what?

Answer 14

1. doxycycline

Question 15

(anaplasmosis)

1. caused by what?
2. transmitted by what ticks?
3. reservoir?
4. see where in US?

Answer 15

1. anaplasma phagocytophilum
2. ixodes
3. mouse
4. NE, upper midwest, pacific coast of california

Question 16

(anaplasmosis)

1. usually see cx in acutely infected animals - like what?

Answer 16

1. fever, arthralgia, polyarthritis

Question 17

(anaplasmosis)

1. can see moreulae where?

look identical to what?

Answer 17

1. neutrophils

E. ewingii

Question 18

(anaplasmosis)

1. tx of choice?

Answer 18

1. doxycycline

Question 19

(canine cyclic thrombocytopenia)

1. caused by what?

replicates where?

Answer 19

1. anaplasma platys

platelets

Question 20

(canine cyclic thrombocytopenia)

1. thought to be spread via ticks, most common in SE and gulf coast states

Question 21

(canine cyclic thrombocytopenia)

1. see few Cx, see what in 14 day intervals?

Answer 21

1. thrombocytopenia

Question 22

(canine cyclic thrombocytopenia)

(dx)

1. by serology or platys
2. can sometimes see morulae in what>

Answer 22

2. platelets

Question 23

(canine cyclic thrombocytopenia)

1. tx of choice?

Answer 23

1. doxycycline

Question 24

(Neorickettsiosis (Potomac Horse Fever))

1. caused by what?
2. can infect dogs and cats
3. what is vector?
4. how transmitted?

Answer 24

1. neorickettsia risticii
2. fluke that uses snails as an intermediate host
3. ingestion of trematode stage in water or infected snails

Question 25

(Neorickettsiosis (Potomac Horse Fever))

1. Cx?

Answer 25

1.

Question 26

(Neorickettsiosis (Potomac Horse Fever))

1. tx?

Answer 26

1. doxycycline

Question 27

(salmon poisoning disease)

1. caused by what?
2. only occurs in dogs where?

Answer 27

1. neorickettsia helminthoeca
2. pacific northwest (cats don’t get)

Question 28

(salmon poisoning disease)

1. what is vector?

Answer 28

1. fluke (nanphyteus salmincola) infected with N. helmintoeca

Question 29

(salmon poisoning disease)

1. how do dogs get infected?

Answer 29

1. ingesting raw salmon containing infected fluke

Question 30

(salmon poisoning disease)

1. Cx?

Answer 30

1.

Question 31

(salmon poisoning disease)

1. tx of choice?
2. what elminates flukes?

Answer 31

1. doxycycline and tetracycline
2. praziquantel

Question 32