09 - Rabies

Question 1

(rabies)

1. what kind of virus is this?

Answer 1

1. rhabdovirus

Question 2

(rabies)

1. shed in what?
2. reservoirs?

Answer 2

1. saliva
2. skunks, raccoons, bats, foxes, coyotes

(some can shed with no evidence of dz)

Question 3

(rabies)

(path)

1. enters through bite wounds -> travels along peripheral nerves to CNS
2. when do signs typically occur?
3. virus shed in saliva how long before Cx?
4. once Cx develop - how long for death?

Answer 3

2. 2-8 weeks
3. 10 days (continues until death)
4. 3-10 days

Question 4

(rabies)

(Cx)

1. first phase: prodromal phase (lasts a few days) - may see what?
2. furious phase - lasts 2-4 days: signs assoc with rabies
3. paralytic phase: lasts 2-4 days: ascending paralysis of limbs and laryngeal and pharyngeal paralysis - this phase followed by death

Answer 4

1. subtle signs of erratic behavior

Question 5

(rabies)

(dx)

1. post-mortem - send in head (cooled, don’t freeze)

direct fluorescent antibody test is test of choice

can see negri bodies in dogs

Question 6

(rabies)

(tx)

1. not recommended, euthanize

Question 7

(rabies)

1. vx is protective

titers don’t work in animals

Question 8

(rabies)

(postexposure mgmt - animal bit by known rabid animal)

1. if vx - revaccinate and quarantine for 45 days
2. if not - euthanasia or quarantine for 180 days

Question 9

(rabies)

(prevention in humans)

(animal bites to humans)

1. if healthy animal bites -> observe for 10 days
2. if wild unknown bites -> euthanasia recommended
3. clean human wounds vigorously
4. nonimmunized humans are given five doses of vaccine, and rabies immunoglobulin
5. immunized are given two doses of vaccine

Question 10

(bonus - pseudorabies)