07 - Intestinal Viruses (Dog)

Question 1

(parvo)

1. nonenveloped, ssDNA virus
2. transmission?

Answer 1

2. fecal-oral (can survive in environment for 5 to 7 months!)

Question 2

(parvo)

1. clinical disease most common in what dogs?

Answer 2

1. puppies btwn 6 wks and 6 months

Question 3

(parvo)

1. attacks what kinds of cells?

Answer 3

1. rapidly dividing (GI, hematopoietic, lymphoid tissues)

Question 4

(parvo)

1. Cx?

Answer 4

1. sudden onset vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration

may result in death

Question 5

(parvo)

1. dx usually based on what?
2. CBC: about 50% have severe leukopenia
3. what gives definitive dx?

Answer 5

1. Cx
2. demonstration of excretion of virus or viral antigen in feces (rapid in office tests available)

Question 6

(parvo)

(tx)

1. what is the most important aspect of therapy?
2. should you give abx?

Answer 6

1. IV fluids
2. yes - will help control bacterial complications

Question 7

(parvo)

(diet)

1. NPO for how long?

Answer 7

1. 12-24 hours

(when starting to refeed, give small feeding of blad, highly digestible diet)

Question 8

(parvo)

1. for vomiting give what?
2. gastric acid secretion can be controlled with what?
3. antidiarrheals usually not necessary

Answer 8

1. metoclopramide
2. ranitidine or famotidine

Question 9

(parvo)

(prog)

1. if survive first few days, most recover
2. mortality highest in young puppies
3. complications include bacterial infections, other viral infections, liver disease, DIC, CNS signs

Question 10

(parvo)

(prevention)

minimize exposure

1. keep infected dog isolated for at least a week after recovery

Question 11

(parvo)

Question 12

(canine coronavirus)

1. transmission?
2. how long shed?

Answer 12

1. fecal oral
2. months after infection

Question 13

(canine coronavirus)

1. Cx?

Answer 13

1. acute mild diarrhea

(possible anorexia, depression, vomiting)

Question 14

(canine coronavirus)

1. dx?

Answer 14

1. based on Cx

can be id’d in feces with EM, isolation, or PCR

Question 15

(canine coronavirus)

1. tx?
2. have vx but they suck

Answer 15

1. supportive, don’t need abx

can last 3-4 weeks

Question 16

(canine rotavirus)

1. transmission?
2. highly infectious and persists in environment

Answer 16

1. fecal oral

Question 17

(canine rotavirus)

1. cx?

Answer 17

1. acute enteritis in young pups (self-limiting)

subclin in adult dogs

Question 18

(canine rotavirus)

1. dx?

Answer 18

1. detected in feces by EM, PCR, or virus isolation

Question 19

(canine rotavirus)

1. tx?
2. no vx

Answer 19

1. supportive