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Path Block 2 > 11- Restrictive Lung Disease > Flashcards

11- Restrictive Lung Disease Flashcards

0
Q

PFT test in RLD

A

Fev1/fec= same or increased

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1
Q

RLD has increased elasticity because of what ?

A

Fibrous tissue

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2
Q

What kind of cough in RLD

A

Dry cough

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3
Q

Type of fibrosis in restrict lung disease

A

Reticular
Modular
Retinulonodular

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4
Q

RLD of lung show what

A

Diffuse infiltrate -ground glass shadows

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5
Q

RLD what are the four pneumoconiosis

A

Asbestosis
Silicosis
Coal workers pneumoconiosis
Berylliosis

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6
Q

What are the three types of coal workers pneumoconicosis

A

Asymptomatic pulmonary anthracosis

Simple CWP

Complicated CWP

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7
Q

RLD from inorganic material leads to what disease

A

Pneumoconicosis

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8
Q

RLD that comes about from organic particles

A

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

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9
Q

What lung Disease shows increase in diffuse linear markings in lung x ray

A

RLD

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10
Q

What is the mc pneumoconicosis and occupational lung disease in the world

A

Silicosis

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11
Q

What factors do macrophages release in RLD that lead to collagen deposition and fibrosis

A

Toxic factors
Pro inflammatory factors
Fibrogenic factors

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12
Q

Another name for coal dust

A

Anthracotic pigment

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13
Q

Microscopy of pulmonary Asymptomatic anthracosis has what?

A

Dust macrophage cells but no fibrosis

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14
Q

Simple CWP characteristics by what?

A

Nodular masses composed of collagen fibers and pigment

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15
Q

The other name for progressive massive fibrosis

A

Complicated CWP

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16
Q

Complicated CWP characterized by what ?

A

Fibrotic Opsacities >1cm on xray
Dense collagen
And Anthrocotic pigment

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17
Q

What is the complication of progressive massive fibrosis ?

A

Crippling lung disease , black lung disease

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18
Q

DD of black lung disease

A

Metastasis

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19
Q

What is coal workers lung

A

When Anthrocotic pigment turns fibrogenic

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20
Q

What and with what is caplan syndrome seen

A

Having one of the three disease plus RA nodules in arms and legs

Asbestos, silicosis , CWP

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21
Q

What is inhaled in silicosis

A

Crystalline silicone dioxide

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22
Q

Is anthracotic pigment fibrogenic

A

No

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23
Q

Is crystalline silicone dioxide fibrogenic

A

Yes

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24
Q

Complication of RLD

A

Fibrosis -hypoxemia- PH-COR pulmonale- RHF

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25
Q

Two forms of silicosis

A

Amorphous

Crystalline

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26
Q

With silicosis you have increased risk of acquiring what infection

A

TB

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27
Q

Chronic nodular silicosis results in what in lung

A

Nodular opacities with concentric layers of collagen fibers **(purple )

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28
Q

Who acquires silicosis

A

Miners
Sandblastee
Mining

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29
Q

How are silicosis particles seen?

A

Birefringent polarized light

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30
Q

Where nj the lung does silicosis mostly occur

A

Apex

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31
Q

What differentiates asbestos from silicosis depending on nodules ?

A

Asbestos doesn’t have large nodules

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32
Q

What fibers are carcogenic and what do they cause

A

Asbestos

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33
Q

Mc lesion associated with exposure to asbestos

A

Pleural plaques

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34
Q

Asbestos is a crystalline silicate with what subfamilies

A

Serpentine -chrysotile

Amphibole crocidolite

35
Q

Mc form of cancer from asbestos

A

Broncogenic carcinoma

36
Q

What are serpentine crystals where they go and what they cause -asbestos

A

Chrysotile asbestos crystals

Curly and flexible

Upper airway

Interstitial fibrosis and Broncogenic carcinoma

37
Q

What are amphibole crystals and where and what do they cause -asbestos

A

Crocidolite

Straight -deep lung to pleura

Lung cancer -Broncogenic carcinoma and mesothelioma

38
Q

What are asbestos fibers phagocytosed by macrophages and coated by iron called ?

A

Ferruginous bodies -dumbbell

39
Q

What stain to see ferruginous bodies

A

Prussian blue stain

40
Q

Asbestos bodies are coated with what by macrophages

A

Iron and calcium, and proteinaceous materials

41
Q

What are benign pleural plaques composed of in asbestos

A

Fibrosis and calcification

42
Q

Where are benign pleural Plaques found

A

On pleura and domes of diaphragm

43
Q

Age benign pleural plaques a precursor for mesothelioma

A

No

44
Q

Asbestos can lead to what

A

Benign pleural plaques

Diffuse interstitial fibrosis -bands if fibrosis

Lung cancer

45
Q

What does berylliosis result in

A

Diffuse interstitial fibrosis with noncaseating ganulomas

46
Q

RLD that lead to noncaseating granulomas

A

Berylliosis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Sarcoidosis

47
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is due to what

A

Bacwrialmorndingal vegetable matter or moldy droppings repeated exposure

48
Q

The other name for hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

Allergic alveolitis

49
Q

Is esonophIia present in hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

No

50
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

Type 3 and 4

51
Q

Acute hypersensitivity pneumonItis is how long ? And HS?

A

4-6 hrs

3

52
Q

Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonItis is what kind of HS

A

IV with fibrosis and interstitial non caseasting granulomas

53
Q

Most common targets of sarcoidosis

A

Lung
face
Salivary gland
Skin

54
Q

What is the second most common RLD

A

Sarcoidosis

55
Q

What is the mc noninfectious granulomatous disease of lung

A

Sarcoidosis

56
Q

What is the antigen in sarcoidosis and what cell does it interact with to illicit what hypersensitivity reaction

A

Unknown antigen with cd4 helper cell- type IV reaction

57
Q

Treatment for sarcoidosis

A

Steroids

58
Q

X-ray sarcoidosis has what appearance ?

A

Reticulonodular potato pattern nodes -enlarged hilar lymph nodes

59
Q

Diseases with granulomas?

A 
Berylliosis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis-farmers lung
Sarcoidosis 
TB
Histoplasmosis
60
Q

Why organ does sarcoidosis primarily target

A

Lungs

61
Q

What does sarcoidosis granulomas contain ?

A

Multinucleated giant cells with

Laminated calcium concentrates- schaumann bodies

Stellate inclusions -asteroid bodies

62
Q

Sarcoidosis is seen In what people ?

A

Seamstress

63
Q

What does sarcoidosis cause I eyes

A

Uveitis blurry vision

64
Q

What does sarcoidosis cause in skin ?

A

Painful Erythema nodosum- no Granuloma located in Ant.leg

Nodular painless lesions - with granuloma

65
Q

What does sarcoidosis do to the liver

A

Granulomatous hepatomegaly

66
Q

What is the name of the syndrome I. Sarcoidosis that involves lacrimal gland and parotid enlargement ?

A

Mikulicz syndrome

67
Q

Sarcoidosis patient presentation in lab? P.e.?

A

Hypercalcemia

Increase ACE

Deceased ADH

Night sweats, cough -mc

68
Q

Why does sarcoidosis have diabetes insidious

A

Hypothalamic and posterity pituitary disease so no ADH

69
Q

What so the granulomas secret and what do they cause ?

A

Secrete 1alpha hydroxylase- Hypercalcemia (kidney,liver)

^ACE- hypertension

70
Q

Sarcoidosis is a diagnosis of what?

A

Exclusion

71
Q

Good pasture syndrome mostly occurs in what sex

A

Males

72
Q

Good pasture characterized by

A

Glomerulinephritis
Hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonitis

Lung then kidney

Hemoptysis then glomerulonephritis

73
Q

What antibody is Involved in Good pasture against what?

A

IgG against alveolar and glomerular capillaries BM

74
Q

Presentation if good pastures ?

A

Hematuria and proteinuria {ab)

75
Q

What happens when goodpastures turns chronic?

A

Focal necrosis and hemorrhagic

76
Q

What kind of HS is GP?

A

2

77
Q

What disease has alveolar interstitial fibrosis of unknown ***origin and leads to dilation of airways with honeycomb appearance ?

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Stretch alveoli no collapse
No diaphragm depression

78
Q

Honey come appearance is seen in what?

A

Eventually all restrictive lung disease

79
Q

How are tlc and rv in restrictive ins disease ?

A

Both decreased

80
Q

Pneumoconicosis inorganic material that are big get. Impacted where ?

A

Bifurcation of alveolar ducts

81
Q

Which RLD has an increase risk to TB

A

Silicosis

Coal miners lung

82
Q

What organisms are farmer lung exposed to?

A

Thermophilic actinimyces

83
Q

RLD with nodules

A

Simple CWP
Complex CWP
Silicosis

84
Q

RLD with reticulonodules

A

Sarcoidosis

Path Block 2 (19 decks)

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