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eidws > 101 First Aid/Safety Fundamentals > Flashcards

101 First Aid/Safety Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Discuss the concept of ORM

A

Lowering risks to acceptable levels

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2
Q

Explain “Identifying Hazards” as they apply to ORM

A

Outline steps in operations & identify their hazards

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3
Q

Explain “Assessing hazards” as they apply to ORM

A

Determine degree of risk in terms of probability/severity

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4
Q

Explain “Making risk decisions” as they apply to ORM

A

Determine whether benefits outweigh risks

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5
Q

Explain “Implementing controls” as they apply to ORM

A

Implement engineering, administrative, and PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) controls to reduce/eliminate risks

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6
Q

Explain “Supervising” as they apply to ORM

A

Monitor; review; feedback

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7
Q

What instruction governs safety and mishap reporting?

A

OPNAVINST 5102.1D - Navy and Marine Corps Mishap & Safety Investigation, Reporting, and Record Keeping Manual

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8
Q

Define hazard severity

A

Assessment of worst consequence that can occur as result of a hazard

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9
Q

Define category I of hazard severity

A

May cause death or grave damage to national interests

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10
Q

Define category II of hazard severity

A

May cause severe injury or significant degradation to efficient use of assets

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11
Q

Define category III of hazard severity

A

May cause minor injury or degradation to efficient use of assets

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12
Q

Define category IV of hazard severity

A

Minimal threat to personnel safety/health, property, national/service/command interests or efficient use of assets

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13
Q

Define mishap probability

A

Probability that a hazard will result in a mishap or loss

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14
Q

Define Category A of mishap probability

A

Likely to occur immediately

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15
Q

Define Category B of mishap probability

A

Probably will occur in time

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16
Q

Define Category C of mishap probability

A

May occur in time

17
Q

Define Category D of mishap probability

A

Unlikely to occur

18
Q

Define RAC (Risk Assessment Code)

A

an expression of risk that combines the elements of hazard severity and mishap probability

19
Q

List the 5 RACs (Risk Assessment Code)

A 
Critical
Serious
Moderate
Minor
Negligible
20
Q

Define timeliness and means for filing mishap investigation reports

A

Class A mishap: Within 8 hours; via phone/electronic means

ALL others submitted within 30 days of occurrence

21
Q

Name the 4 required mishap reportable items

A
  • Class A, B & C gov’t property damage mishaps
  • Class A, B & C on-duty DoD civilian mishaps and military on/off-duty mishaps
  • Any other work related illness/injury that involves medical treatment beyond first aid
  • Other incidents of interest for mishap prevention purposes
22
Q

State the purpose of a HAZREP (Hazard Report) message

A

Submitted when the eliminations and control of a given hazard has community-wide implication in reducing mishaps

23
Q

What are the 3 objectives of first aid?

A
  • Save life
  • Prevent further injury
  • Prevent infection
24
Q

What are the 3 methods of controlling bleeding?

A
  • Direct pressure
  • Pressure points
  • Tourniquet; as last resort
25
Q

Define the symptoms and treatment for shock

A

Symptoms: dialated pupils, shallow/irregular breathing, clammy skin, nausea, weak/absent pulse
Treatment: lay victim down with feet elevated 6-12 inches, keep victim warm, and reassure/calm them if conscious

26
Q

State the difference between open/closed fractures

A

Open (compound): open wound in the tissue or skin, where bone may be protruding
Closed (simple): break is internal and there is no tear in the skin

27
Q

Describe the procedures necessary for personnel rescue as applied to electrical shock

A
  • Secure power
  • Don’t touch victims body, wire, or any other conductive object; terminate current/remove victim from situation with non-conductive object (broom handle, cane, etc)
28
Q

Describe the procedures necessary for treatment of electrical shock

A

Administer CPR after freeing victim (if not breathing); get victim to medical facility

29
Q

Describe methods for clearing an obstructed airway

A
  • Heimlich Maneuver

- Reclining Abdominal Thrusts

30
Q

What are the effects and treatment of Hypothermia?

A

General cooling of the body from rapidly falling low-temp exposure
Effects: Victim may appear pale and unconscious. Slow shallow breathing & weak or absent pulse. Body tissues may feel semi-rigid, arms/legs stiff.
Treatment: Bring body temp to normal; no hot drinks/other stimulants until regained consciousness. Take to medical.

31
Q

What are the effects and treatment of Frostbite?

A

2 types:

  • Superficial: ice crystals forming in upper skin layers
  • Deep: ice crystals forming in deeper tissues

Treatment: Get victim indoors & warm area by placing them in warm water. Other methods include placing under armpits, against abdomen, or between legs of a buddy

32
Q

What are the effects and treatment of Heat stress?

A

Body is over heated & depending on severity can lead to heat disorders (2 types):
- Heat exhaustion: serious disturbance of blood to the brain, heart & lungs.
Effects: moist, clammy skin, dilated pupils, normal/subnormal temp
Treatment: Get out of heat, keep cool, get to medical

  • Heat stroke: VERY SERIOUS; caused by breakdown in the sweating mechanism of the body. Victim unable to remove excess heat from body
    Effects: Dry, hot skin; constricted pupils; very high blood pressure
    Treatment: Remove victim from heat, keep cool, and seek medical emergency help
33
Q

Define HERO; HERP; HERF

A

HERO: Hazardous Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordinance
HERP: Hazardous Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel
HERF: Hazardous Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuels

34
Q

Define HAZMAT

A

Any material that pose hazards to human health or environment

35
Q

Describe a MSDS and the info it provides

A

Material Safety Data Sheet; lists specific info/precautions for various substances

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