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OCULAR DISEASE RNH > 1.0 PRIMER INJURIES OF THE EYE > Flashcards

1.0 PRIMER INJURIES OF THE EYE Flashcards

1
Q

Foreign bodies on the surface of the cornea constitute about ____ of all ocular injuries

  • 25%
  • 50%
  • 75%
  • 100%
A

25%

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2
Q

The foreign body may be seen by careful inspection of the cornea, preferably aided by ________ or a ________

  • Aspirin and Analgesics
  • magnification with loupe
  • magnifying glass
A
  • magnification with loupe

* magnifying glass

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3
Q

Sterile fluorescein strip or solution instilled in the eye stains the ________ (layer of cornea) and demarcates body in the cornea

A

corneal stroma

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4
Q

Foreign body at the _____ can always be removed with irrigation, a spud, or a cotton-tipped applicator.

  • cornea
  • conjunctiva
  • intraocular
A

conjunctiva

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5
Q

________ foreign bodies are present in injuries in which small particles penetrate the cornea or the sclera.

  • cornea
  • conjunctiva
  • intraocular
A

intraocular

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6
Q

____________ may introduce infection that causes a severe purulent panophthalmitis within hours.

  • Wood or plant foreign bodies
  • Small metallic foreign bodies
A

Wood or plant foreign bodies

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7
Q

_________ are sterilized by the heat created by their high velocity

  • Wood or plant foreign bodies
  • Small metallic foreign bodies
A

Small metallic foreign bodies

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8
Q

________ is an acute inflammation of the eyeball involving all its structures and extending to the orbit

  • Contact Dermatitis
  • Panophthalmitis
A

Panophthalmitis

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9
Q

A procedure that uses high-energy sound waves to look at tissues and organs inside the body. The sound waves make echoes that form pictures of the tissues and organs on a computer screen (sonogram)

  • ophthalmoscopy
  • ultrasonography
  • soft tissue roentgenography
  • computed tomography
A

ultrasonography

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10
Q

A procedure that uses high-energy sound waves to look at tissues and organs inside the body. The sound waves make echoes that form pictures of the tissues and organs on a computer screen (sonogram)

  • ophthalmoscopy
  • ultrasonography
  • soft tissue roentgenography
  • computed tomography
A

ultrasonography

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11
Q

a diagnostic imaging test used to create detailed images of internal organs, bones, soft tissue and blood vessels.

  • ophthalmoscopy
  • ultrasonography
  • soft tissue roentgenography
  • computed tomography
A

computed tomography

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12
Q

Foreign bodies in the anterior and posterior chambers and the lens are removed through an incision at the ________

  • cornea
  • sclera
  • corneoscieral limbus
A

corneoscieral limbus

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13
Q

Foreign bodies in the vitreous cavity are removed by a combination of ______________

  • computed tomography and ultrasonography
  • vitrectomy and suction
A

vitrectomy and suction

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13
Q

outer ______ of the eyelid

  • one sixths
  • five sixths
A

five sixths

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14
Q

inner ______ of the eyelid

  • one sixths
  • five sixths
    (ciliary) margin
A

one sixths

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15
Q

outer five sixths of the eyelid

  • (ciliary) margin
  • (lacrimal) margin
A

(ciliary) margin

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16
Q

inner one sixths of the eyelid

  • (ciliary) margin
  • (lacrimal) margin
A

(lacrimal) margin

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17
Q

the placement of the first suture through the gray line of the eyelid to align the eyelid margin.

  • Ciliary margin
  • Lacrimal margin
A

Ciliary margin

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18
Q

placement of a stent through the canaliculus in hope that it will remain patent

A

Lacrimal margin

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19
Q

closure of the laceration

  • Ciliary margin
  • Lacrimal margin
A

Lacrimal margin

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20
Q

prevention of traction by the orbicularis oculi muscle located lateral to the laceration.

  • Ciliary margin
  • Lacrimal margin
A

Lacrimal margin

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21
Q

Lacerations of the inner one third damage the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle.

  • Ciliary margin
  • Lacrimal margin
A

Lacrimal margin

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22
Q

Damage to the superior oblique muscle (CN IV) or the trochlea

  • Ciliary margin
  • Lacrimal margin
A

Lacrimal margin

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23
Q

Damage to the superior oblique muscle (CN IV) or the trochlea may impale depression of the eye when ____

  • adducted
  • abducted
A

adducted

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24
Q

Lacerations of the bulbar conjunctiva that do not involve the globe are rarely severe enough to require surgical closure

  • Conjunctiva
  • Cornea
  • Sclera
A

Conjunctiva

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25
Q

The eye is uncomfortable, but there is no loss of vision.

  • Conjunctiva
  • Cornea
  • Sclera
A

Conjunctiva

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26
Q

Lacerations of the _____, unless puncture type or beveled, are followed by prolapsed of the of a Iris, which closes the wound.

A

cornea

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27
Q

Lacerations of the _____ , unless puncture type or beveled, are followed by prolapsed of the of a Iris, which closes the wound.

  • Conjunctiva
  • Cornea
  • Sclera
A

Cornea

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28
Q

A characteristic teardrop distortion of the pupil is present

  • Conjunctiva
  • Cornea
  • Sclera
A

cornea

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29
Q

______ lacerations are much more likely to produce severe damage to the eye than those that involve the cornea only.

  • Conjunctiva
  • Sclera
A

Sclera

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30
Q

Sympathetic ophthalmia is also known as ____________

  • sympathetic traumatic hyphema
  • sympathetic uveitis
A

sympathetic uveitis

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31
Q

is a bilateral, chronic, diffuse inflammation of the uveal tract.

  • sympathetic ophthalmia (sympathetic uveitis
  • blunt trauma
A

sympathetic ophthalmia (sympathetic uveitis

32
Q

Hemorrhage into the eyelids is in itself usually of little import but may be associated with fractures of the orbital bones.

  • SYMPATHETIC OPHTHALMIA
  • BLUNT TRAUMA
A

BLUNT TRAUMA

33
Q

A severe subconjunctival hemorrhage and a persistently soft globe after a severe contusion suggest the possibility of a rupture of the posterior sclera.

  • SYMPATHETIC OPHTHALMIA
  • BLUNT TRAUMA
A

BLUNT TRAUMA

34
Q

The small ball used in squash or handball is a common source of serious ______ to the eye.

  • blunt injury
  • traumatic hyphema
A

blunt injury

35
Q

Contusion of the globe is followed frequently by frank bleeding into the anterior chamber.

  • TRAUMATIC HYPHEMA
  • FRACTURE DISLOCATION OF ORBITAL BONES
A

TRAUMATIC HYPHEMA

36
Q

TRAUMATIC HYPHEMA
This blood usually _____ clot

  • does
  • does not
A

does not

37
Q

A secondary glaucoma may occur immediately.

  • TRAUMATIC HYPHEMA
  • FRACTURE DISLOCATION OF ORBITAL BONES
A

TRAUMATIC HYPHEMA

38
Q

TRAUMATIC HYPHEMA

Aspirin and related analgesics, which impair blood clotting, should be used to relieve pain.

t/f

A

FALSE

Aspirin and related analgesics should not be used to relieve pain.

39
Q

Blunt trauma to the orbital region may cause fractures and dislocations of the walls of the orbit, its margins, or both.

t/f

A

true

40
Q

Many of these Injuries are associated with other fractures, head injury, and severe concussions and lacerations and cannot be treated until shock, coma, and life threatening Injuries have been managed.

  • TRAUMATIC HYPHEMA
  • FRACTURE DISLOCATION OF ORBITAL BONES
A

FRACTURE DISLOCATION OF ORBITAL BONES

41
Q

FRACTURE DISLOCATION OF ORBITAL BONES

Fractures that involve the orbital walls only are termed (1) ________, and those that involve the margins and possibly the walls are (2) ________.

  • internal
  • external
A

(1) internal

(2) external

42
Q

fracture the wall

  • blowout fracture
  • blunt trauma
A

blowout fracture

43
Q

_____ of the eye are difficult to manage, and even with good care, vision may be severely impaired and the eye may be unsightly

  • Chemical burns
  • Thermal burns
A

Chemical burns

43
Q

_____ of the eye are difficult to manage, and even with good care, vision may be severely impaired and the eye may be unsightly

  • Chemical burns
  • Thermal burns
A

Chemical burns

44
Q
  • Alkali
  • Acid
  • Chemical burns
  • Thermal burns
A

Chemical burns

45
Q

Chemical burns

The Immediate treatment is dilution of the chemical is ______

  • water
  • sterile saline solution and a sterile soap.
A

water

46
Q

There should be no delay in learning the history, examining the eyes, measuring vision, or seeking the appropriate chemical neutralizer.

  • Chemical burns
  • Thermal burns
A

Chemical burns

47
Q

Chemical burns

The eye should be _____ irrigated with water.

  • limit
  • copiously (generous)
A

copiously (generous)

48
Q

First aid measures consist of application of sterile dressings and systemic control of pain

  • Chemical burns
  • Thermal burns
A

Thermal burns

49
Q

If dirty, the burned eyelids are cleaned gently with sterile saline solution and a sterile soap.

  • Chemical burns
  • Thermal burns
A

Thermal burns

50
Q

Thermal burns

If dirty, the burned eyelids are cleaned gently with

  • water
  • sterile saline solution and a sterile soap
A

sterile saline solution and a sterile soap.

51
Q

It absorbed causes a reaction.

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA
A

RADIANT ENERGY

52
Q

Electromagnetic energy of extremely _____ wavelengths (roentgen rays, gamma rays, beta rays)

  • short
  • long
A

short

53
Q

________ occur in arc welders, mountain climbers, persons exposed to snowfields and persons who expose themselves unwisely to sun lamps.

  • Ultraviolet burns of the cornea
  • Radiation cataract
A

Ultraviolet burns of the cornea

54
Q

______ is produced through damage to actively dividing cells at the equator of the crystalline lens

  • Ultraviolet burns of the cornea
  • Radiation cataract
A

Radiation cataract

55
Q

wavelengths between 400 and 700 um

  • visible light
  • invisible light
A

visible light

56
Q

______ resulting from energy initiated by extremely short pulses of radiation at high poor density level

  • mechanical disruption
  • thermal insult
  • actinic Insult
A

mechanical disruption

57
Q

__________ resulting from absorption of energy in the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid that increases ocular tissue temperature more than 10 degree C

  • mechanical disruption
  • thermal insult
  • actinic Insult
A

thermal insult

58
Q

______ resulting from extended absorption of energy by the photoreceptors to wavelengths between 400 and 500 mm.

  • mechanical disruption
  • thermal insult
  • actinic Insult
A

actinic Insult

59
Q

Electromagnetic energy of extremely short wavelengths (roentgen rays, gamma rays, beta rays)

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

RADIANT ENERGY

60
Q

Radiation cataract

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

RADIANT ENERGY

61
Q

Ultraviolet burns of the cornea

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

RADIANT ENERGY

62
Q

Ultraviolet burns of the cornea

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

RADIANT ENERGY

63
Q

type of retinal injury

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

RADIANT ENERGY

64
Q

ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME

  • non accidental trauma
  • accidental trauma
A

non accidental trauma

65
Q

injuries resulting from lack of reasonable care and protection of children by their parents, guardians or other caregivers.

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME

66
Q

Ocular Injuries include cigarette burns of the eyelids, dislocated lenses, and retinal dialysis.

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME

67
Q

Retinal hemorrhages

  • RADIANT ENERGY
  • ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME
A

ABUSED CHILD SYNDROME

68
Q

1) More than 8,000ft
2) More than 15,000ft
3) More than 17,500ft

  • with symptoms (HA, nausea, vomiting, insomnia)
  • ocular hemorrhages
  • acute mountain sickness
A

1) More than 8,000ft – acute mountain sickness
2) More than 15,000ft – with symptoms (HA, nausea, vomiting, insomnia)
3) More than 17,500ft – ocular hemorrhages

69
Q

Other ocular changes include increase in the diameter and tortuosity of the retinal arteries and veins together with cyanosis of the vessels.

  • ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA
  • FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROM
A

ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA

70
Q

ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA
There may be (1) ______ retinal blood flow and retinal blood volume while the mean retinal circulation time (2) _______.

  • decreased/decreases
  • increased/increases
A
  1. increased/increases

2. decreased/decreases

71
Q

It may occur as often as Down syndrome and neural tube defects

  • ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA
  • FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
A

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

72
Q

Prenatal and postnatal retardation of growth, hypotonia, microcephalus, hyperactivity, mental deficiency, and typical craniofacial malformations occur.

  • ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA
  • FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
A

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

73
Q

Ocular malformations occur in 90% of the eyes are widely separated (telecanthus) and the blepharoptosis.

  • ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA
  • FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
A

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

74
Q

widely separated

  • telecanthus
  • blepharoptosis
A

telecanthus

75
Q

drooping of the upper eyelid that may affect one or both eyes.

  • telecanthus
  • blepharoptosis
A

blepharoptosis

76
Q

Maternal alcohol abuse (6oz of alcohol or more daily) during pregnancy, particularly during the first trimester, is an important cause of mental and physical retardation in infants.

  • ALTITUDINAL HYPOXEMIA
  • FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
A

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

77
Q

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

Maternal alcohol abuse (____ of alcohol or more daily) particularly during the ___ trimester, is an important cause of mental and physical retardation in infants.

  • 6oz
  • 10oz
  • first
  • second
  • third
A
  1. 6oz

2. first

OCULAR DISEASE RNH (17 decks)

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