Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NE Exam 1 > 10: Orofacial Development > Flashcards

10: Orofacial Development Flashcards

1
Q

Two ossification processes involved in cranium development and explain them

A

Intramembranous ossification: mesenchyme produces bone without cartilage
Endochondral ossification: bone formation occurs using a cartilagenous intermediate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Two pats of the cranium and explain them

A

Neurocranium: bony case that encloses brain
Viscerocranium: bones comprising facial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Five things formed by cartilagenous neurocranium

A
  1. Occipital bone
  2. Body of sphenoid
  3. Ethmoid bone (these three in order)
  4. Temporal bone: petrous and mastoid parts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What forms the membranous neurocranium

A

Head mesenchyme at the sides and top of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the membranous neurocranium form?

A

Calvaria (frontal and parietal bones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cartilagenous viscerocranium

A

NCCs form pharyngeal arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Membranous viscerocranium: three things formed

A
  1. Squamous part of temporal bones
  2. Maxillary bone
  3. Zygomatic bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the mandible form from?

A

Cells of the mandibular prominence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Craniosynostosis

A

Premature closing of certain sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Four types of craniosynostosis

A
  1. Scaphocephaly
  2. Brachiocephaly
  3. Plagiocephaly
  4. Trigonocephaly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Scaphocephaly

A

Sagittal suture closes -> cranium long, narrow, and wedge shaped (50% of cases)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Brachiocephaly

A

Coronal suture closes -> high, tower-like cranium (30%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two types of plagiocephaly and describe them

A

Posterior plagiocephaly: unilaterally impacts lambdoid suture
Anterior plagiocephaly: unilaterally impacts coronal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Trigonocephaly

A

Frontal suture closes -> metopic suture -> malformation of frontal and orbital bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is mesenchyme doing during 4-8th weeks of development

A

It contains active growth centers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which portions of the brain NCCs are related to MXPs, MNPs, and the FNP?

A

MXPs and MNPs: midbrain, hindbrain NCCs

FNP: midbrain, forebrain NCCs

17
Q

Oropharyngeal membrane

A

A bilaminar membrane that separates the facial primordia from cavity of primordial pharynx

18
Q

When do nasal placodes form by?

A

End of 4th week

19
Q

What is occurring simultaneously as the mid face is developing?

A

PA2 is forming facial muscles, PA1 is forming muscles of mastication

20
Q

Critical period of palatogenesis

A

End of 6th week -> beginning of 9th week

21
Q

Primary palate in palatogenesis

A

Wedge-shaped mass of mesenchyme, between maxillary prominences

22
Q

What does the primary palate in palatogenesis form?

A

Pre-maxillary part of maxilla

23
Q

What forms the secondary palate?

A

Mesenchyme of maxillary prominences

24
Q

Incisive fossa is the persistence of what?

A

Nasopalatine canal

25
Q

Palatine raphe indicates…?

A

Indicates line of fusion of the palate

26
Q

What causes cleft lip?

A

Lack of fusion between MXPs + medial NPs

27
Q

What causes cleft palate?

A

Lack of fusion between…

  1. Lateral palatine process + nasal septum
  2. Lateral palatine process + medial palatine process
28
Q

When does the nasal septum fuse with palatine processes?

A

9th week -12th week

29
Q

Other names for medial and lateral lingual swellings

A

Medial and lateral tongue buds

30
Q

N to medial and lateral tongue buds / lingual swellings

A

Medial: lingual branch of V3
Lateral: chorda tympani of CN 7

31
Q

What forms all tongue buds?**

A

Prolif of mesenchyme in ventromedial parts of PA1

32
Q

sensory N to hypopharyngeal eminence

A

Branch of CN 12, superior laryngeal branch of CN 10

33
Q

N to intrinsic tongue muscles + to palatoglossus muscle

A

Intrinsic: CN 12
Palatoglossus: pharyngeal plexus via CN 10

34
Q

Glossoschissis

A

Incomplete fusion of lateral lingual swellings -> bifid tongue

35
Q

Ankyloglossia

A

Frenulum is short + extends to top of tongue - tongue tied and trouble eating

36
Q

Macroglossia

A

Excessively large tongue, often seen in infants with Down syndrome

37
Q

Macroglossia

A

Abnormally small tongue, usually associated with micrognathia

NE Exam 1 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions