10 - Managing Quality and Closing Out the Project Flashcards
What is the purpose of quality control in project management?
To monitor project deliverables against requirements and quality baseline
Quality control ensures project deliverables comply with the quality management plan.
What activities are included in the Executing phase of project management?
Quality control, issue management, KPIs, cost and schedule variances, closing out the project
These activities are vital for verifying and validating project outcomes.
What is a quality management plan?
A document that outlines quality activities, procedures, and required resources
It serves as the foundation for performing quality control.
When is quality control performed during a project?
Throughout the project, including milestones and major deliverables
It ensures compliance with minimum standards.
What is the definition of inspection in quality control?
An activity that examines, measures, or tests work results against quality standards
It can occur at intervals, project phase ends, or upon project completion.
What are tolerable results in quality control?
Results that fall within a specified acceptable range
For example, measurements within plus or minus 2 inches.
What does attribute sampling determine?
Whether results are conforming or nonconforming to requirements
It is also known as a pass/fail or go/no-go decision.
What is smoke testing?
A high-level test to identify simple failures that could prevent software release
It focuses on the most critical functions of the program.
What is unit testing?
Testing of individual modules of source code to verify proper operation
It occurs as code is written, especially in agile projects.
What is integration testing?
Testing combined software modules to ensure they interact correctly
It occurs after unit testing is completed.
What is end-to-end testing?
A system-level test that verifies the application works from start to end
It includes testing all roles and responsibilities in the program.
What is regression testing?
Testing performed after changes to ensure software functionality remains intact
It helps maintain product quality after modifications.
What is stress testing?
Testing software for stability under heavy load conditions
It examines processing and error handling under extreme scenarios.
What is performance testing?
Testing software under various load scenarios to assess performance
It identifies issues like bottlenecks and slow response times.
What is user acceptance testing (UAT)?
Testing performed by end users to verify system meets requirements
It includes testing features and functionality.
What is the difference between prevention and inspection?
Prevention avoids errors; inspection identifies errors after they occur
Prevention is generally more cost-effective and efficient.
What is a histogram in quality control?
A bar chart showing frequency distributions of variable data
It helps visualize data like temperature or weight measurements.
What does a Pareto diagram illustrate?
The frequency of problems to identify major issues for improvement
It follows the 80/20 rule, highlighting that a few problems cause most defects.
What is the purpose of control charts?
To measure and display variance of process samples over time
They help identify when processes are out of control.
What is statistical sampling?
A method of gathering a subset of work results for inspection
It is cost-effective for projects with numerous outputs.
What is a flowchart used for in quality control?
To show logical steps and interrelations in a process
It helps determine how problems occur.
What do run charts display?
Variations in a process over time
They help identify trends in improvements or lack thereof.
What is an Ishikawa diagram?
A cause-and-effect diagram that shows potential causes of a problem
It is also called a fishbone diagram.
What is a decision tree?
A diagram showing interrelated decisions and expected outcomes
It helps visualize possible choices and their impacts.