10/3/12 Flashcards
How does niacin interact w/ antihypertensives?
Niacin have vasodilatory effects, so dosage of anti-hypertensives may need to be reduced.
What is the primary use of niacin?
dyslipidemia
What should be considered w/ niacin use in the diabetic pt?
can cause increased insulin resistance
What should be considered in niacin use in the gouty pt?
may cause hyperuricemia
What is the cause of pathologic neuromuscular excitation, sympathetic stimulation, and agitation/confusion in a pt. shortly after starting an antidepressant called?
Serotonin syndrome!
What other classes of antidepressant drugs are most likely to cause serotonin syndrome when combined w/ SSRIs? What headache treatment?
MAO-I and SNRI; triptans
What is cyproheptadine?
An antihistaminergic w/ anti-serotonin activity that may be used to Tx serotonin syndrome.
What are the 2 primary modes of action of methylxanthines, such as theophylline and aminophylline, in the Tx of asthma?
phosphodiesterase and adenosine inhibition
What is the mechanism of action of valproic acid?
increases GABA (thereby inhibiting abnormal signaling in seizures and bipolar disorder)
What is the MOA of ethosuximide?
inhibits T-type Ca++ currents in neurons (thereby preventing AP propagation)
What autosomal recessive disorder causes orange tonsils, enlarged lymph nodes, and hepatomegaly? What is the defect?
Tangiers disease: defective ABCA1 cholesterol transporter
Where does the facial n. exit thte skull?
Stylomastoid foramen
What is the speed at which a peripheral nerve can regenerate?
1-2 mm/day
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that pass through it.
foramen lacerum - nothing!
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that run through it.
foramen ovale - V3 (mandibular n.)
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that run through it.
foramen rotundum - V2 (maxillary n)
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that run through it.
hypoglossal canal - take a guess
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that run through it.
jugular foramen - inf. petrosal and sigmoid sinuses drain here, CN IX, X, and XI
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that run through it.
optic canal/foramen - CN II and ophthalmic a.
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that run through it.
sup. orbital fissure - sup. ophthalmic a., CN III, IV, V1, and VI
Name the indicated cranial fossa and the important structures that run through it.
foramen spinosum - middle meningeal a. (and meningeal branch of trigeminal)
What is the function of the obturator nerve?
hip aDduction
What is the main function of the tibial nerve?
knee flexion
How can extended Abx therapy cause a bleeding tendency?
colonic bacteria produce our Vit k
WHat is the only nerve that traverses the carpal tunnel?
Median n.
WHat is the most commonly DISLOCATED carpal bone?
Lunate
What disease results from infection w/ HTLV-1?
Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL)
