10/22: Panoramic Imaging Principles

Question 1

what is the biggest indication for pano indication?

Answer 1

overal evaluation of dentition

Question 2

what are advantages of Pano over FMX?

Answer 2

less radiation dose
quicker
easier
better for trimus patients

Question 3

what are the disadvantages of Pano over FMX?

Answer 3

lower resolution
overlap of premolars
unequal magnification so measurements are not reliable

Question 4

how does the pano rotation work?

Answer 4

start on right, behind head, end on left

Question 5

the sensor is never where?

Answer 5

back of the patient

Question 6

the tube is never where?

Answer 6

in front of patient

Question 7

this is a 3-dimensional curved zone where structures are reasonably well-defined

Answer 7

focal trough

Question 8

(T/F) there is 1 center of rotation

Answer 8

false

Question 9

objects closer to the receptor will be

Answer 9

narrowed

Question 10

objects closer to the source will be

Answer 10

wider

Question 11

buccal objects will appear

Answer 11

lower

Question 12

lingual objects will appear

Answer 12

higher

Question 13

what is the beam angulation?

Answer 13

-4 degrees

Question 14

why is the angulation -4?

Answer 14

avoid projection of occipital bone

Question 15

are structures closer to the source projected higher or lower?

Answer 15

higher

Question 16

are structures further to the source projected higher or lower?

Answer 16

lower

Question 17

how are the colors found?

Answer 17

yellow = lingual (closer to source)
blue = middle
green = buccal (closer to source)

Question 18

how is horizontal magnification determined?

Answer 18

position of object within the focal trough

Question 19

the giant tooth blurry tooth is positioned how?

Answer 19

lingual because it is wider

Question 20

do you have more degrees of magnification in the anterior or posterior?

Answer 20

anterior

Question 21

2 identical objects in both anterior and posterior, will they have the same horizontal magnification?

Answer 21

no it will vary

Question 22

where are real images located?

Answer 22

between CoR and receptor

Question 23

this is every anatomical structure positioned between CoR and receptor

Answer 23

real imaegs

Question 24

these are located between the CoR and the source

Answer 24

ghost images

Question 25

what objects cast a ghost image?

Answer 25

inferior border of mandible, angle, ramus, jelewry, apron, cervical spine, palate

Question 26

what are the 4 characteristics of ghost images?

Answer 26

appear on opposite side
appear higher
appear more blurry
vertical dimension is highly magnified

Question 27

what is images do you see here?

Answer 27

ghost of palate
ghost of inferior border of mandible

Question 28

Answer 28

no because sensor does not go in front

Question 29

Answer 29

ghost image of lead apron

Question 30

Answer 30

ghost of cervical spine

Question 31

these are objects that lie posterior to CoR and are intercepted 2 times

Answer 31

double real images

Question 32

what is the positioning order for the Pano?

Answer 32

remove jelewry
put on lead apron
bite on biteblock groove
sit upright
align central laser line
align frankfurt horizontal plane
close side guides
have patient swallow, close lips, tongue on roof of palate
take image

Question 33

if the patient is slumped, what happens?

Answer 33

cervical spine too opaque

Question 34

the frankfurt horizontal plane runs through

Answer 34

tragus to infraorbital forament

Question 35

where is the horizontal and vertical magnification equal?

Answer 35

central plane of the image layer

Question 36

what causes a double real image of the cervical spine?

Answer 36

too far forward

Question 37

ghost image of lead apron is caused by

Answer 37

apron behind patients neck