10/1: Radiation Biology pt.2 Flashcards
This is a collection of signs and symptoms following acute whole-body radiation exposure
Acute radiation syndrome
What is the sublethal exposure?
<2 Gy
What is lethal exposure?
2-8 Gy
What is the supra-lethal exposure?
> 8 Gy
What are the stages in acute radiation syndrome?
Prodromal period
Hematopoietic syndrome
Gastrointestinal syndrome
CNS and Cardiovascular syndrome
what is the most severe effect from hemopoeitic syndrome?
sepsis
What stage of the acute radiation syndrome is NON-LETHAL?
Prodromal period
What is the Gy in the prodromal period?
<2
What is the Gy in the hematopoietic syndrome?
2-10 Gy
What is the Gy in the Gastrointestinal syndrome?
10-100 Gy
In prodromal syndrome, when do the symptoms resolve?
After a few weeks
What occurs in hematopoietic syndrome?
Irreversible injury to the spleen and bone marrow that causes loss of circulating peripheral blood cells
This is extensive injury to the basal lamina epithelial cells of the intestine
Gastrointestinal syndrome
How fast do you die from gastrointestinal syndrome?
3-5 days
With damage to the CNS and cardiovascular syndrome, how fast is death?
Few minutes to 48 hours
What is the most lethal stage of acute radiation syndrome?
CNS and cardiovascular syndrome
What treatment will provide the optimum treatment?
Combination of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy
What dose to treat solid tumors?
60-80 Gy
What dose to treat lymphomas?
20-40 Gy
What dose to treat intraoral cancer?
50 Gy
1 Gy = _____ microSv
1 million
This is when the total dose is divided into multiple small doses to provide greater care
Fractionation
Is it better to have multiple small doses or one large dose?
Multiple small
What is the radiation effect on the mucosa?
Mucositis
2nd infections
What is the radiation effect on taste buds/oral cavity?
Lost of taste
What is the term for loss of taste?
Hypogeusia
What is the radiation effect on salivary glands?
Xerostomia
What is the radiation effect on teeth?
Lack of development
Radiation caries
What is the radiation effect on bone?
Osteoradionecrosis
What is the radiation effect on muscle?
Fibrosis
What kind of teeth are resistant to direct effects of radiation exposure?
Adult teeth
If the radiation precedes calcification, then
Tooth bud will be destroyed
If the radiation is after calcification, then
Teeth will malform, slow growth
What kind of radiation causes radiation caries?
Indirect
Bone osteoradionecrosis is primarily due to
Vasculature
Marrow affecting vascular and hematopoietic elements
Fibrosis can result in
Contracture and trismus in the muscles
