10/20 Quiz

Question 1

DNA Technology -

Answer 1

The collective techniques for obtaining, amplifying and maniuplating fragments

Question 2

Genetic engineering -

Answer 2

The application of DNA tech to specific biological, medical or, agricultural problems

Question 3

Genomics -

Answer 3

the extension of DNA technology to the global analysis of the nucleic acids presnt in a nucleus, cell, organism or group of related species

Question 4

How do you make recombinant insulin?
4

Answer 4

1. Plasmid with human insulin gene is put into bacteria.
2. Bacteria is put into fermentation tank and produces insulin
3. Harvest and purify insulin produced
4. purified insulin is turned into medicine

Question 5

Southern/Northern blot steps
5

Answer 5

1. cleave DNA
2. gel electrophoresis
3. Gel gets filtered
4. expose to radiolabeled complementary DNA
5. Expose to xray

Question 6

What do restriction enzymes do

Answer 6

Enzymes digest DNA at specific sequences
- Cut DNA at specific motifs

Question 7

PCR reactions amplify specific DNA sequences
Whats the general process?

Answer 7

Denature, anneal, extend

Question 8

cDNA cane be made by reverse transcription which makes?

Answer 8

makes copies of DNA without introns

Question 9

What is recombinant DNA?
4 step process?
How do you provide directionality?

Answer 9

You take an insert (target gene) and place it in a vector
1. cleave vector
2. insert gene
3. anneal
4. DNA ligase

Cut 2 ends for directionality

Question 10

PUC18 enables?

Answer 10

Blue/white screening for cloned DNA

Question 11

Blue colony means?

Answer 11

Cleavage present, no DNA insert present

Question 12

White colony means?

Answer 12

No cleavage, DNA insert present

Question 13

pET enables?

Answer 13

ENables induction of cloned gene and addition of his-tag

Question 14

3 ways recmobinant DNA can be delivered into bacterial cells?

Answer 14

Plasmids and BACs
Fosmids
Bacteriophage vectors

Question 15

2 ways you can make large DNA constructs?

Answer 15

Assamble from multiple restriction products
Gibson assembly

Question 16

Large DNA molecules can be assembled by transforming overlapping constructs into yeast using…

Answer 16

Homologous recombination

Question 17

what does dNTP have that ddNTP doesnt?

Answer 17

dNTP has a hydroxyl goup at the 3’ position.
ddNTP will stop DNA polymerase from advancing

Question 18

Where does ddNTP stop the DNA polymerase?

Answer 18

ddATP-Adenine
ddTTP- Thymine
ddGTP- Guanine
ddCTP- Cytosine

Question 19

5 methods for delivering transgenes

Answer 19

1. Lipid vesicle - mRNA vaccine
2. electroporation - stress cell till membrane opens up
3. biolistic delivery - DNA coated particles shot into cells
4. micro injection - bypass membrane with a needle and inject
5. virus infection

Question 20

What do you need to happen for homologous recombination?

Answer 20

You need double crossover

Question 21

Where do you inject transgene in C. elegans

Answer 21

in the synctial region. Some eggs will eventually have the transgene

Question 22

Drawback of chimeras?

Answer 22

Recovering homozygous mutants from chimeras takes multiple generations

Question 23

What does CRISPR/Cas9 do?

Answer 23

Complexes with guide RNAs to catalyze double stranded breaks in DNA sequences

Question 24

What are teh two ways DNA can be repaired after a DSB?

Answer 24

Homologous recombination
Nonhomologous end joining

Question 25

3 types of nonhomologous end joining? NHEJ

Answer 25

Insertion
Substitution
Deletion

Question 26

How does a repressor recognize the gene to repress?

Answer 26

The operator, a specific DNA sequence

Question 27

How does the cell decide whether it should go for
lactose?

Answer 27

Glucose levels: high or low

Question 28

When is cAMP produced?

Answer 28

Low glucose levels

Question 29

When is cAMP produced?

Answer 29

Low glucose levels