10 Flashcards by Philippa S

what support the upper thir of the vagina

Levator Ani muscle

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Embroylogical origin of the dome of the bladder

Yolk Sac

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The embryological origin of the allantois

Endoderm - Yolk sac

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Dermatome pairing for Xiphoid process

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Which hernia occurs dur to abnormal involution of the umbilical vein?

Gastroschisis

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During the 4th week of development, germ cells are located in the

yolk sac

Gonads do not develop until 6th weeks.

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Lymphatic drainage of the distal part of the rectum

Internal ILIAC nodes

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The main nerve supply to the internal anal sphincter

sympathetic fibres from HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS

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The endocervix has what type of epithelium

columnar epithelium

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During oogenesis ovulation occurs when what happens to the secondary ooctye

spindle formation

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Forms the base of the ischio-rectal fossa

skin

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Which one of the following structures passes through the lesser sciatic foramen

tendon obturator internus

CONTENTS
Tendon of the Obturator internus
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal nerve
Nerve to the obturator internus

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Mechanical dilatation of the cervix can cause collapse. The nerve signals that initiate this response travel through

pelvic splanchnic nerves

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A 25 year old woman and her 27 year old partner present with their third consecutive first trimester miscarriage. What are the chances that one or other of the couple carry a chromosomal anomaly?

3-5%

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Magnesium excretion is by

kidneys

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A 23 year old woman with irregular periods presents with 5 weeks amenorrhoea, a positive pregnancy test and brown vaginal discharge. Clinical examination is normal. TV scan identifies an empty uterus with no adnexal masses and minimal free fluid in the pouch of Douglas. Serum HCG = 400 IU, and 48 hours later, HCG = 700 IU. What is the most likely diagnosis?

66% increase
PUL or likely viable intrauterine

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The following can be used to treat low mood associated with the menopause

Systemic HRT and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)

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Combined hormonal contraceptives are contraindicated (UKMEC 3 or 4) in women with

SLE

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With respect to progestogens, what is the unique feature of DROSPIRENONE

anti-androgen

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Following Ectopic pregnancy, women can be treated with single dose regimen of methotrexate. The risk of recurrent ectopic pregnancy in women trying to get pregnant is

8=10%

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Completion of first meiosis division during oogenesis

puberty

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At what vertebral level is the umbilicus typically locates

L3/L4

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The blood supply to Bartholin gland

external pudendal

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The collecting tubules of the kidney develop from

METANEPHRIC MESODERM

The metanephric mesoderm develops into the excretory units under inductive influence of the ureteric bud, forming the Bowman’s capsule and excretory tubules. I

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Ductus venosus is completely obliterated after birth to form which adult structure?

ligamentum venosum

what forms the ligamentum Teres

obliterated umbilical vein.

When the body is in the upright position, the expected angle between the brim of the pelvis and the horizontal plane is approximately

55%

The change in maternal cardiac out-put by 12 weeks gestation

+40%

Immediately following delivery, maternal cardiac output

inc 10-20%

What percentage of total body water is intracellular?

65%

Glomerular filtration rate reaches its maximum during pregnancy a

36 weeks

The QT interval is the duration of

ventricular contraction

Which one is the most common solid tumour in the neonate?

neuroblastoma

Which neonatal tumour is associated with a mutation in chromosome 13q14?

retinoblastoma

WHO reference values for semen analysis

Semen volume: ≥ 1.5 ml pH: ≥ 7.2 Spermconcentration: ≥ 15 million spermatozoa per ml Total sperm number: ≥ 39 million spermatozoa per ejaculate Total motility (percentage of progressive motility and non-progressive motility): ≥ 40% motile or≥ 32% with progressive motility Vitality: ≥ 58% live spermatozoa Spermmorphology (percentage of normal forms): ≥ 4%

is multipartity a rf for pet

One hundred women are taking the levonorgestrel-only contraceptive pill. How many unwanted pregnancies will occur over 1 year?

33-year-old woman is admitted with surgical wound infection after emergency caesarean section for suspected fetal compromise. Culture of the wound demonstrates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). She has no known allergies. Which is the most appropriate treatment?

vanc

A healthy 23 year old woman has to travel to a malaria-endemic area at 20 weeks of gestation. Which drug is recommended for prophylaxis?

melfoquine

Combined hormonal contraceptives are contraindicated (UKMEC 3 or 4) in women with

antiphospholipid antibodies

choriocarcinome with canon ball mets survival rate

90%

A 32 year old woman is administered oxytocin 10U IM for active management of the third stage of labour. This will stimulate uterine contractions for

2-3hrs (1 hour if IV)

expulsion rate copper coil

1/20

Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is characterized by

loss of 20% intravascular volume to 3rd space hypovolaemia, reduced serum osmolality and low sodium

half life of mirabegron

50 hours

side effect of ondansetronq

constipation

A 23 year old woman has a partial molar pregnancy. The risk of choriocarcinoma

0.05%

Regarding urinary tract infections, which micro-organism is most likely to be associated with bladder catheterisation?

e coli

hyperprolactinaemia fertility treatment

dopamine agonist

hypothalamus is located in which part of the brain?

diencephalon

type of vaccine is varicella

LIVE - ATTENUATED

Cabergoline and Bromocriptine are agonists of which receptor?

D2 dopamine agonist

when is amniotic fluid at max

35 weeks

What percentage of pregnancies are affected by hypothyroidism (including subclinical hypothyroidism)?

1-3

What biochemical process produces pyruvate from glucose?

Glycolysis produces pyruvate which then enters the Krebs cycle (AKA the citric acid cycle)

What is the incidence of molar pregnancy in the UK?

1 in 1000

what happens to tidal volume in pregnancu

increased

Horseshoe shaped kidney arises because the ascent of the kidneys is impeded by the

inferior mesentric artery

The main phospholipid in amniotic fluid at term

lecithin

Which structure provides the main support to the uterus?

transverse cervical ligament aka CARDINAL and uterosacral

Cleft lip and palate are due to a defect in the development of th

1st pharyngeal arch

Which of the following is homologous to the female epoophoron?

epididymis

The dorsal nerve of the clitoris is a terminal branch of the

PUDENDAL S234 Branches - inf rectal, dorsal clitoral/penile, perineal nerve

Which structure separates the superficial perineal pouch from the deep perineal pouch?

The inferior fascial layer of the urogenital diaphragm

Which nerve arises from ventral rami of lumbar plexus and emerges from the medial border of psoas major muscle?

obturatot

Sympathetic supply to the urinary bladder is derived from which lumbar segment(s)?

L1 L2

Peptides cross the placenta by

active transport

The most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus

obstruction cerebral aqueduct

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibres supplying the urinary bladder originate from

T10 – L2 spinal cord segments

During ejaculation in the male, the majority of seminal volume comes from

seminal vesicles

Which artery supplies the DISTAL portion of round ligament of the uterus?

inferior epigastric artery (portion in the inguinal canal)

Which nerve arises from ventral rami of lumbar plexus and emerges from the medial border of psoas major muscle?

OBTURATOR

Human chorionic gonadotrophin is a

glycoprotien

What is the main source for premenopausal oestrogen secretion?

granulosa cells

Inhibin is secreted by which cells

Granulosa cells

which tissues produce oxytocin

hypothalamus, ovary, testis

the cellular effect of cortisol is mediated by what process

DNA transcription

What proportion of circulating aldosterone is bound to plasma proteins?

50-60%

With respect to thyroid hormones, the ratio of T4 to T3 secreted by the thyroid gland is

13:1

Serum electrolyte abnormalities in primary hyperparathyroidism includ

increase Ca decreased phosphate

which cells secrete the hormone calcitonin

C cells in thyrpod (PARAFOLLICULAR CHIEF CELLS)

Which neurotransmitter is secreted onto the adrenal medulla?

Acetylechloine

What type of electrolyte disturbance occurs in patients with Conns syndrome?

hypernatramia, hypokalaemia alkalosis

Which organelles do type II pneumocytes utilize for surfactant release?

lamellar bodies

The main action of DNA polymerase

Synthesise DNA

DUring the cori cycle lactate is converted to what

glucose by the liver

where is the active form of vit D synthesised

kidney

Glucose 6 phosphatase plays an important role in what

gluconeogenesis

where does fatty acid synthesis occur in the cell

cytosol

peticial rash, low sats, cardiovascular collapse

Amniotic fluid embolism -

Which medication for pph is contrindicated in asthma

carboprosg

WHO definition of maternal mortality rate

deaths per 100,000 live births

at ovulation the surge in LH causes the rupture of the mature oocyte via action on what

THECA Externa

MOA Ulipristal

Selective Progesterone Receptor modulator

Parametric tests

Pearson T - test Analysis of variance f test z test

clomiphene is thought to trigger ovulation by acting as antagonising oestrogen receptors in which part of the body

HYPOTHALAMUS

what lies at the inferior boarder of the ovarian fossa

INTERNAL ILLIAC ARTERY AND VEIN

when does Hb F start to be produced

week 6

where does the upper 2/3 of the vagina develop from

PARAMESONEPHRIC DUCTS

where do primordial germ cells develop

YOLKSAC ENDODERM

when intestinal midgut loop fails to return from umbilical cord to abdo the deficient is what

EXOMPHALMOS

sympathetic supply to body of uterus

T11/12

10 Flashcards

anatomy