1. Vitamins + Minerals Flashcards by idhil Unknown

Q

Iron

A

Oxygen carrier

Enzyme Co-Factor

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Q

Iron deficiency anaemia Symptoms

A

◦ Angular stomatitis ◦ Smooth tongue ◦ Koilonychia ◦ fatigue

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Q

Iron excess

A

Organ damage Cirrhosis Diabetes

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Q

Iodine

A

Essential component of thyroid hormones

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Q

Iodine Deficiency Disorders

A

The ‘Derbyshire Neck’ Cretinism

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Q

A

The ‘Derbyshire Neck’- Iodine deficiency
Iodized salt is source and prevention

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Q

A

Cretinism

Iodine Deficiency

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Q

Zinc

A

Component of metalloenzymes

Structural component of cells

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Q

Zinc Deficiency

A

Acrodermatitis enteropathica

Failure to grow and thrive

Immune defects

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Q

Copper

A

Component of metalloenzymes

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Q

Copper deficiency

A

Growth failure

anaemia

hair and skin changes

Osteoporosis

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Q

Copper excess

A

Indian Childhood Cirrhosis

Wilsons Disease (transport defect)

Liver, kidney and brain damage

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Q

Selenium

A

Essential component of many proteins

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Q

Selenium deficiency

A

Keshan Disease (cardiomyopathy) China

Increase in malignancy (tissue specific)

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Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

A, D, E , K

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Q

Vitamin A

A

Vision

skin integrity

immunity

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Q

Vitamin D

A

Bones and calcium balance

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Q

Vitamin E

A

Anti-oxidant

Protects RBC and nerve membranes

Q

Vitamin K

A

Blood clotting, bone structure

Q

Excess Vitamin A

A

poisonous and teratogenic

Can lead to cirrhosis

Vit A analogues used to treat acne

Q

Vitamin D deficiency

A

Rickets

Q

Water Soluble Vitamins (9)

A

Vitamin C

B1

B2

B3

B6

B12

Folate

Biotin

Pantothenic Acid

Q

Vitamin C

A

Essential for collagen formation

Q

Vitamin C deficiency

A

scurvy

Q

Vitamin B1

A

Essential for Carbohydrate Metabolism

Q

B1 deficiency

A

Beri-beri

Wet(cardiomyopathy)

Dry (neurological)

Q

Vitamin B2

A

Energy metabolism

skin health

Q

B2 deficiency

A

Magenta tongue

Anaemia

Failure to thrive

Q

Vitamin B3

A

Energy metabolism

skin health

Q

B3 deficiency

A

Pellagra: (the four D’s)

Diarrhoea

Dermatitis

Dementia

Death

Q

Vitamin B6

A

neuromuscular health

Immune system

Central nervous system

Q

B12 deficiency

A

Megaloblastic anaemia

Neuropathy

Q

Folate (B9)

A

Essential for cell division

Q

Folate deficiency

A

Megaloblastic anaemia

Neural tube defects

Q

B6 deficiency

A

muscle weakness

depression

short-term memory loss

Q

B6 excess

A

neuropathy

Q

Biotin (B7)

A

enzyme co-factor

Q

Biotin deficiency

A

Cardiac arrythmias

Fatigue

Q

Pantothenic acid (B5)

A

Component of Coenzyme A (CoA)

Q

Pantothenic acid deficiency

A

burning feet

Q

Kwashiorkor

A

Acute starvation

Rapid growth

No stunting

Q

Marasmus

A

Chronic starvation

slow growth

early stunting

Q

Excess Vitamin D

A

Can lead to hypocalcemia