1. Situation and vessels of the heart Flashcards
Where in thoracic cavity is the heart situated?
In the Pericardium, in the pericardial sac.
The heart is covered by 2 parts, which?
- Fibrosum: External part
2. Serosum: Underneath
The serosum covering the heart can further be divided into?
Divided into 2 laminae’s:
1) Laminae parietalis
2) Laminae visceralis or also called Epicard
- Laminae’s visceralis lays directly on the heart
What’s cavuum pericardi?
- It’s a cavity btw the two laminae serosum
- Containing a liquid imp for the movement of the heart , called Cavuum pericardi
What’s the layers of the heart wall called?
1) Endocardium: Inner surface of heart
2) Middle part, muscle wall
3) Epicardium: External surface
Describe the Pleura Pericardiaca
- Found inside of thoracic cavity covering the heart
- Covers the wall and organs of thoracic cavity
- Directly on the Pericardium, on the heart.
(Heart and pericardium lies inside of the Pleura)
- Pericardium (sac of the heart) is situated underneath the Pleura
What’s so special with the heart?
That the heart has it’s own blood supply with arteries and veins
= the coronary arteries
The coronary vessels of the heart supply it with nutrition and blood, but which part of the heart?
It’s responsible for supplying the Myocardium of the heart
What’s the origin of the two coronary arteries?
On bulbus aortae of Aorta ascendens.
Btw the valvula semilunaris sinistra et dextra
What’s the two coronary arteries imp for?
Responisble for supplying the heart, with eg. nutrition
Where’s a. coronaria dextra situated and what’s it’s branches?
What’s the interspecie differences?
The a. coronaria dextra runs above ventriculus dexter and divide into
- r. circumflexus dexter: Continues in sulcus coronarius dexter
- r. interventricularis subsinosus: continues in sulcus interventricularis subsinosus
- r. interventricularis subsinosus is absent in Car, Ru and instead belong as a 3rd branch to a. coronaria sinistra
Where’s a. coronaria sinistra situated and what’s it’s branches?
What’s the interspecie differences?
The a. coronaria sinistra continues after the bulbus aortae origin through the truncus pulmonalis and auricula sinistra into:
- r. circumflexus sinister: Continues in sulcus coronarius
- r. interventricularis paraconalis: Lies in sulcus interventricularis paraconalis
- In Car, Ru: r. interventricularis subsinosus is a 3rd branch of coronaria sinistra
What’s the differences specie wise with the coronary arteries?
- In Eq, Sus: The a. coronaria dextra et sinistra has 2 branches each:
* a. coronaria dextra:
- r. circumflexus dexter
- r. interventricularis subsinosus
- a. coronaria sinistra:
- r. circumflexus sinister
- r. interventricularis paraconalis
- In Car, Ru
* a. coronaria dextra: Only 1 branch
- r. circumflexus dexter
- a. coronaria sinistra:
- r. circumflexus sinistra
- r. interventricularis paraconalis
- r. interventricularis subsinosus
What’s the biggest vein of the left side and how does it run?
- v. cordis magna
Runs on the left side and starts in the sulcus interventricularis paraconalis
What’s the biggest vein of the right side and how does it run?
- v. cordis media
Runs on the right side and starts in the sulcus interventricularis paraconalis
Which veins are the main vessels of the hearts own vessels?
v. cordis magna and v. cordis media
What’s sinus coronarius?
It’s the fusion of the v. cordis magna/media on the right side of the heart
Which vein enters the right atrium and drains the two atriums?
- Sinus coronarius (fusion of the two v. cordis magna/media, enters the right atrium
Independently enters and drains blood from the heart wall - vv. cordis minimae: Drains atrium dextrum
- vv. cordis dextrae: Drains atrium sinistrum
What’s the function of the so called skeleton of the heart?
To reinforce the right shape of the heart ostiums.
What’s anulus fibrosus dexter et sinister and where can it be found?
- Fibrous tissue, ring structure of right and left side of the heart. (Imp for the ostium’s shape)
- Found in the 2 ostiums;
- Ostium atrioventriculare dextrum
- Ostium atrioventriculare sinistrum
What can be found within the Ostium aortae?
An anulus aorticus
What can be found within Ostium trunci pulmonalis?
Anulus trunci pulmonalis
What’s the fibrous tissue called that can be found between the valves of the heart?
Trigonum fibrosum dextrum et sinistrum
What’s the structure that only Eq, Ca, Sus has?
Where can it be found?
- It’s called cartilago cordis
- Lays in the Trigonum fibrosum dextrum et sinistrum ( fibrous tissue ) , close to the Anulus fibrosus of aorta
