1. Introduction and Research Methods

Question 1

Definition of Sport Psychology

Answer 1

The scienfitic Study of people and their behavior in sport and exercise contexts

Question 2

Definition of a goal

Answer 2

Something a person is consciously and deliberately tring to accomplish

Question 3

3 Types of Goals

Answer 3

Outcome goal (result in comparison with others)
Performance Goal (result without comparison with other)
Process Goal (focus on specific actions in performance)

Question 4

4 Reasons why goal setting leads to better performance

Answer 4

1. It directs attention
2. It regulates effort
3. It prolongs persistence
4. It develops new strategies

Question 5

Five goal characteristics for the SMART acronym

Answer 5

Specific (precise)
Measureable
Action Oriented (say what is the right action)
Realistic
Timely

Question 6

3 Other factors that influence how effective a goal is

Answer 6

Support and feedback
Developing achievement Strategies
Match goals with people

Question 7

Key factors in the history of ISPP

Answer 7

Pierre published first article
Triplett made research about individual performances
After that it moved more into practical area
Nowadays it is getting more and more accepted and recognized in professional areas
Neuroscience also develops

Question 8

Advantages and Disadvantages of Qualitative and Quantitative research

Answer 8

Quantitative Research:
\+ bigger sample size
\+ data analysis is easier
\+ causal relationship can be established
\+ Biased observer less possible
Qualitative Research:
\+ More attention to subjective view
\+ More explorative in research

Question 9

4 Different Quality Indicators for empirical studies and instruments

Answer 9

Reliability
Validity
Evaluating Methods (eg sample size, design, operationalization)
Evaluating Analysis and Results (eg analysis, description, logical conclusion)

Question 10

3 Types of Reliability

Answer 10

Homogenity (do items measure one construct)
Stability (consistency of instrument)
Equivalence (consistency among participants)

Question 11

3 Types of Validity

Answer 11

Content Validity (Does instrument measure all aspects of construct)
Construct Validity (Does instrument measure actual construct)
Criterion Validity (does instrument predict different situations as well)

Question 12

3 Ways to improve research quality and why does each help

Answer 12

Increase Sample Size (external validity)
Use different populations (generalizability)
Use design similar to real world (ecological validity)