1. Infection & Response Flashcards
Pathogens are?
Pathogens are:
MICRO-ORGANISMS that cause INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Pathogens can include:
BACTERIA - VIRUSES - PROTISTS - FUNGI
Features of BACTERIA:
BACTERIA can make us very ill because:
It can REPRODUCE very RAPIDLY in the BODY
BACTERIAL then releases very HARMFUL TOXINS
What do Toxins do:
Toxins DAMAGE TISSUES & make us feel VERY ILL
Virus (another type of Pathogen - eg?
An example of a VIRUS is HIV that leads to AIDS
What is a difference between Bacteria & Virus?
Bacteria can REPRODUCE rapidly
Virus cannot reproduce THEMSELVES but they can reproduce INSIDE a HOST CELL
Examples of BACTERIA
- Salmonella - type of food poisoning
How are Pathogens spread?
Pathogens are spread:
- by AIR - eg Flu - sneeze and spreads in water droplets
- By DIRTY WATER - eg CHOLERA (drinking water polluted by sewage)
- By DIRECT CONTACT - eg AIDS - DRUG USERS share infected needles or by SEXUAL CONTACT
How you do stop the spread of Pathogens?
Reduce the spread of Pathogens:
- WASH HANDS BEFORE EATING
- Provide CLEAN DRINKING WATER - eg in UK water contains CHLORINE which kills MICROBES
- CONDOM during sex to prevent the spread of HIV
- Infectious diseases the patient made be ISOLATED eg Ebola
- Reduce spread of Pathogen by VACCINATION
Bacteria can be killed by?
Bacteria can be killed by : A N T I B I O T I C S
What is SALMONELLA?
. Salmonella is a type of FOOD POISIONING caused by BACTERIA
. FOOD that hasn’t been PROPERLY COOKED or HYGIENICALLY PREPARED is ingested in FOOD
. The BACTERIA secretes TOXCINS - which cause FEVER - CRAMPS - VOMITING & DIARRHOEA
CHICKEN & EGGS can contain SALMONELLA. What is done in the UK to prevent the spread of Salmonella?
CHICKENS are VACCINATED against SALMONELLA to stop the spread of SALMONELLA
GONORRHOEA is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) cause by BACTERIA. Give the features of GONORRHOEA
GONORRHOEA:
. Spread by sexual contact
. symptons thick yellow/green discharge
. can be treated by PENCILLIAN
