1. Bioenergetics - Respiration & Exercise Flashcards
What type of reaction is Respiration?
Respiration is an EXOTHERMIC REACTION
. It releases ENERGY from GLUCOSE for use by the BODY
What do we need RESPIRATION for?
We need respiration for:
. for MOVEMENT
. to keep WARM
. for CHEMICAL REACTIONS to build larger MOLECULES
RESPIRATION in cells can be:
RESPIRATION in cells can be:
- AEROBIC - (WITH oxygen)
- ANAEROBIC ( WITHOUT oxygen)
Formulae for Aerobic Respiration
Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon dioxide + water
ANAEROBIC the GLUCOSE is NOT COMPLETELY broken down this means that:
During Anaerobic respiration, GLUCOSE is not completely broken to that:
In ANIMALS - LACTIC ACID is formed
In PLANTS - ETHANOL + CO2 is formed
What is the ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION in YEAST called?
The ANAEROBIC Respiration in YEAST is called …. F E R M E N T A T I O N
This is important in the manufacture of BREAD
WHAT is ETHANOL?
Ethanol is the type of ALCOHOL made by FERMENTATION
What is the CO2 used for during FERMENTATION?
A product of FERMENTATION is CO2 - this can be used to make DRINKS FIZZY
What happens during exercise?
During exercise:
. The body requires more ENERGY
. HEART RATE, BREATHING RATE & VOLUME increase to supply the MUSCLES with more OXYGEN & GLUCOSE
. Vigorous activity the MUSCLES may not get enough OXYGEN so ANAEROBIC respirations starts to take place in the MUSCLES
. Get a build up of LACTIC ACID - causes the muscles to HURT& stop them CONTRACTING EFFICIENTLY
.
Why might your muscles hurt if you run a long race?
Your muscles may hurt when you run a long race because of the
Build up of LACTIC ACID in the muscles leading to CRAMPS
The body is not getting enough OXYGEN & so ANAEROBIC respiration takes over
What is the waste product of anaerobic respiration in animals?
The waste product of respiration in animals is ……
LATIC ACID
How can you help to get the body to get rid of LACTIC ACID?
DEEP BREATHING can help the body to get rid of LACTIC ACID during demanding exercise.
WHAT IS METABOLISM?
Metabolism is the SUM of all the CHEMICAL REACTIONS in a CELL or in the BODY
What is the function of ENZYMES?
ENZYMES: SPEED UP reactions.
What are ENZYMES used for:
ENZYMES are used to:
- Convert GLUCOSE to STARCH, GLYCOGEN & CELLULOSE
- To use GLUCOSE & NITRATE IONS to form AMINO ACIDS (PROTEIN)
