1 - Health Wellness & Assessing Credibility

Question 1

what caused the large increase in life expectancy between 1920 and 2010?

Answer 1

• public health achievements
• antibiotic used and vaccines
• decreasing infant mortality rate (IMR)

Question 2

is life expectancy the same as life span?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

life expectancy and IMR are both measures of _________ _______

Answer 3

population health

Question 4

def: the number of years that, as a species, we are biologically wired to live

Answer 4

lifespan

Question 5

what is thought to be the maximum human lifespan?

Answer 5

120 years old

Question 6

as of 2017, what is the life expectancy in Canada?

Answer 6

males = 79 years
females = 83 years

Question 7

def: the overall condition of the body or mind and the presence or absence of illness or injury

Answer 7

health

Question 8

what model of health predominated ?

Answer 8

medical model of health

Question 9

def: something you can see

Answer 9

signs

Question 10

def: something you feel

Answer 10

symptoms

Question 11

in the medical model, what is the end goal?

Answer 11

to prevent morbidity(sickness) and mortality(death)

Question 12

in 1970, a major shift in the concept of health occurred with the emergence of the field of ______ ___________

Answer 12

health promotion

Question 13

what was the difference between health promotion and the medical model?

Answer 13

• focused on prevention instead of treatment, empowers the individual to be responsible for their health
• relates the main causes of mortality in a population to known risk factors

Question 14

what are the three levels of health through prevention of illness?

Answer 14

personal, community , and health care provider

Question 15

what are 4 personal health behaviours associated with living longer?

Answer 15

1. not smoking
2. drinking in moderation
3. staying active
4. 5 fruits and veg a day

Question 16

what were the results of the Framingham Study?

Answer 16

people who didn’t smoke, drank moderately, were physically active, and ate 5 servings of fruit and veg and day lived around 14 years longer

Question 17

what are the 13 social determinants of health?

Answer 17

1. income
2. education
3. job security
4. early childhood development
5. food insecurity
6. housing
7. social exclusion
8. social safety net
9. health services
10. indigenous status
11. gender
12. ethnicity
13. disability

Question 18

what are 5 strategies to improve social determinants of health?

Answer 18

1. social inclusion
2. full employment
3. reduced income disparities
4. universal health care access
5. empowering individuals to make informed health related decisions

Question 19

def: involves optimal health and vitality, encompassing all the dimensions of wellbeing

Answer 19

wellness

Question 20

what is enhanced wellness?

Answer 20

controlling risk factors that contribute to disease or injury (smoking, drug + alcohol use)

Question 21

what are the 7 dimensions of wellness?

Answer 21

1. physical
2. emotional
3. intellectual
4. interpersonal
5. spiritual
6. environmental
7. financial

Question 22

T or F: the neutral position is considered optimal in wellness model

Answer 22

false, it is in the medical model

individual should strived for high level of wellness, which isn’t a state but a process

Question 23

what are the two top leading causes of death in canada?

Answer 23

cancer and heart disease

Question 24

what are the stages of change in order?

Answer 24

1. precontemplation
2. contemplation
3. preparation
4. action
5. maintenance
6. termination

Question 25

what does SMART stand for in SMART goals?

Answer 25

Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time-Bound

Question 26

what are 5 factors that improve the likelihood of behaviour change?

Answer 26

1. self-efficacy
2. internal locus of control
3. self-talk
4. support
5. identify + overcome barriers

Question 27

what is the hierarchy of evidence?

Answer 27

1. experimental
2. epidemiological
3. clinical
4. personal
5. anectodal