1-4 Flashcards
What are the levels of measurement
nominal
ordinal
interval
ratio: zero point
histograms
graph with class intervals
graph with class intervals
histograms
frequency distribution
An orderly arrangement of a group of numbers (or test scores) showing the number of times each score occurred in a distribution
An orderly arrangement of a group of numbers (or test scores) showing the number of times each score occurred in a distribution
frequency distribution
normal curve, properties of
theoretical distribution
prop: 34.1%, 13.6%, 2.1%
mean
average, get’s pulled by skews
average, get’s pulled by skews
mean
median
middle score in a group of scores
prefer this when skewed
middle score in a group of scores
median
prefer this when skewed
mode
most common score in a distribution
most common score in a distribution
mode
what are the measures of variability?
range, variance, standard deviation
range
the highest score in a distribution minus the lowest score in a distribution.
the highest score in a distribution minus the lowest score in a distribution.
range
variance
individual scores tend to be similar to or substantially different from the mean
it measures how far a set of numbers are spread out from their average value
individual scores tend to be similar to or substantially different from the mean
it measures how far a set of numbers are spread out from their average value
variance
standard deviation
A measure of variability that represents the degree to which scores vary from the mean.
A measure of variability that represents the degree to which scores vary from the mean.
standard deviation
T scores
help us understand how many standard deviations an individual test score is above or below the distribution mean.
always have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10
enables you to take an individual score and transform it into a standardized form one which helps you to compare scores.
help us understand how many standard deviations an individual test score is above or below the distribution mean.
always have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10
enables you to take an individual score and transform it into a standardized form one which helps you to compare scores.
t score
standard deviation units
how many standard deviations an individual score falls away from the mean
units below the mean are represented with a negative (−) sign.
mean always has a standard deviation unit of 0
how many standard deviations an individual score falls away from the mean
units below the mean are represented with a negative (−) sign.
mean always has a standard deviation unit of 0
standard deviation units
z score
helps us understand how many standard deviations an individual test score is above or below the distribution mean
mean = 0
1 is always 1 standard deviation above the mean
−1 is always 1 standard deviation below the mean
